Korea’s KFTC launches blockchain-powered loan service for public servants

Coti plans transition to Ethereum layer-2 network in 2024Israeli blockchain developer Coti plans to introduce a scalable, privacy-focused Ethereum layer-2 protocol in 2024. This strategic move aims to extend Coti’s privacy-centric features to a wider audience within the Ethereum ecosystem.Photo by Zoltan Tasi on UnsplashIncorporating ‘garbled circuits’Taking to the X social media platform on Wednesday, Coti unveiled its plan to transition from a standalone protocol to an Ethereum layer-2. The centerpiece of the project, which Coti has termed “Coti v2: a privacy-centric Ethereum L2,” is a cryptographic method known as “garbled circuits.”Garbled circuits are a cryptographic primitive that enables two or more parties to evaluate an arbitrary Boolean circuit securely, without revealing any information beyond the output, all while using a constant number of communication rounds. This innovative approach enables the processing of transactions without exposing sensitive information and data, aligning with the platform’s commitment to privacy.Having originated in the 1980s, garbling protocols have evolved into a crucial element of privacy-preserving technologies, excelling in scenarios where confidential data needs to be part of a computation without revealing the information itself.Focusing on privacyCoti CEO Shahaf Bar-Geffen emphasized the significance of this privacy-oriented protocol, stating:“Sensitive data transmitted as public information on a blockchain is a bug, not a feature.”Bar-Geffen highlighted the protocol’s ability to prevent sensitive data from being exposed to competitors, partners and clients engaged in transactions on Coti’s chain. The CEO elaborated on how garbling protocols differentiate Coti v2 by facilitating transactions and smart contract executions where details remain private between involved parties.The Coti CEO emphasized the critical role of such privacy features in decentralized finance applications, where transaction confidentiality is as essential as transaction integrity. Coti claims that other platforms focusing solely on anonymity for privacy may face regulatory challenges and might not provide a compliant foundation for the broader ecosystem.Targeting specific use casesCoti envisions its protocol catering specifically to use cases demanding advanced privacy provisions in finance and healthcare. Currently designed for enterprises, Coti’s existing protocol enables the management of blockchain-based products such as custom-branded tokens, wallets, website integrations and fiat on-and-off ramps.In a blog post on Medium, the blockchain startup outlined that in addition to privacy, v2 will enable smart contracts, EVM compatibility and Solidity programming, alongside the features currently offered by v1. Notwithstanding these new features on the v2 product, the company confirmed to The Block that in respect of Coti’s original Cardano-based product, “Coti’s work with Cardano continues. We have a project built there called Djed, and that will continue to remain on Cardano.” Djed is an ADA-backed stablecoin pegged to the U.S. dollar.The anticipated release of Coti v2’s developer net in the second quarter of 2024 signals a move towards realizing the potential in advancing Ethereum’s privacy standards. As a layer-1 protocol, Coti presently contributes to Web3 applications by providing digital infrastructure, including tools for wallets, tokens and payment modules, with a total value locked of $31 million.The upcoming integration as a privacy-centric layer-2 positions Coti as a key player in enhancing Ethereum’s capabilities and fostering a more secure and confidential blockchain experience.

The Sandbox Adds Singapore Virtual Neighborhood Lion CityMetaverse platform The Sandbox has announced the launch of Lion City, Singapore’s virtual neighborhood, during its inaugural Singapore Partner Day event.In a blog post published on Tuesday, The Sandbox project team outlined that Lion City is set to debut in September 2023 and will feature 512 plots of virtual land. With over 40 partners and 10+ studios, Lion City aims to showcase global and regional brands, along with established Web3 natives, representing Singapore’s culture in sports, fashion, entertainment, and technology within The Sandbox metaverse.Photo by Kin Pastor on PexelsRegional brand partnershipsThe Sandbox has attracted a range of local partners for Lion City, including MM2 Asia, ONE Championship, Mighty Jaxx Group, Spa Esprit Group, METAVI, Technology Development Centre (TDC) of ITE College Central, UKISS, Bandwagon, Renovi, Affyn, 8sian, The Engineers, Metaskull by Jacky Tsai x Froyo Games, Fabric of Reality, CreativesAtWork, Memotics, FXMedia, Kappou, The Parlour, Manifest, Vaniday, PengWine, LOFI, and Zodium. These partners represent various industries and will contribute to the diverse offerings and experiences within Lion City.Studio partnersMoreover, studio partners catering to the Singapore market will be an integral part of the Lion City experience. These studios include Smobler Studios, CGame Studio, Oceanus Media Global, and iCandy Interactive subsidiaries Lemonsky Studios and Hashcode Studio, New Moon Studios, Pangu by Kenal, and Clevereen. Collaborative ecosystem partners such as OKContract, Pinnacle, DIFY, and Peatix are also contributing to the development of the metaverse.Unlocking Web3 opportunitiesThe Sandbox emphasized the significance of Lion City as a gateway and launchpad for Southeast Asia. With over 400 global brands, including Singapore’s DBS Bank, already on board, Lion City has the potential to unlock new Web3 possibilities in the region. The supportive and collaborative ecosystem in Singapore will provide companies with opportunities to explore digital frontiers and test decentralized technologies.The project also announced the milestone during the Singapore Partner Day event held at the Marina Bay Sands Expo & Convention Centre. The event served as a platform for networking and sharing insights among The Sandbox’s partners.Keynotes were delivered by Sébastien Borget, the Co-Founder and COO of The Sandbox, and George Wong, the project’s Head of Singapore. They discussed the vast opportunities within the metaverse, and panel discussions with ecosystem partners took place, covering topics like intellectual properties (IPs) and the metaverse’s future, as well as the development of the open NFT metaverse.During the event, Borget highlighted Singapore’s regulatory environment, as being conducive to emerging technologies. He also emphasized Singapore’s position as an innovation hub for Web3 advancements.The metaverse faces new challenges in 2023, with the crypto market gravitating towards a more institutional-friendly approach, and questions surrounding its relevance. Recently, Borget had a clash with the SEC in the United States, disagreeing with the regulator’s classification of the project’s native $SAND token as a security.No doubt that experience has helped to underscore his appreciation for Singapore’s regulatory setup. Nevertheless, Wong described 2023 as an important and pivotal year for metaverse growth.

Korea to Tighten Scrutiny of Crypto Exchange Shareholders Amid Rising ConcernsSouth Korea’s financial regulator is stepping up efforts to evaluate the qualifications of majority shareholders of cryptocurrency exchanges, according to a report by local news outlet Newsis. This initiative follows instances where majority shareholders of local exchanges, including Bithumb, found themselves embroiled in criminal proceedings. Drawing parallels with the banking sector, the regulator is scrutinizing the credentials of majority shareholders to ensure compliance and integrity within the cryptocurrency exchange landscape.Photo by Terrence Low on UnsplashRevamping reporting requirementsThe Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission recently set up a task force to revamp the reporting requirements for crypto exchanges.The upcoming requirements are anticipated to be integrated into the reporting forms that cryptocurrency exchanges must complete, starting in October of next year. Essentially, these stipulations will determine whether existing exchanges, such as Upbit, Bithumb, and Coinone, can sustain their operations in the future.Periodic evaluationAccording to the Enforcement Decree of the Financial Transaction Reports Act, all virtual asset service providers (VASPs), including exchanges, are mandated to submit a renewal report every three years. Upbit, having been the first to submit its initial report in October 2021, will join other crypto exchanges in updating their reports in October 2024.A majority shareholder qualification assessment is a process in which the government periodically checks whether majority shareholders have the necessary qualifications to operate a financial company. Through this process, the FIU aims to curb potential illicit activities by majority shareholders, who hold significant sway over cryptocurrency exchange operations, thereby mitigating any potential harm to the users.Regulatory grey areaThis measure emerged from concerns that majority shareholders of exchanges have existed in a regulatory grey area. In fact, under the Financial Transaction Reports Act, only exchange representatives and registered officers are required to report and undergo examination when declaring VASPs. This leaves the actual owners and controllers — the majority shareholders — unidentified and unexamined.The current circumstances involving VASPs are markedly different and more concerning compared to other financial sectors. In the banking sector, restrictions are placed on share ownership and voting rights if majority shareholders have breached financial laws or if they are capital entities forbidden from owning a bank. Similarly, online peer-to-peer lenders and large lenders are also under obligation to have their majority shareholders scrutinized, as they fall under analogous regulations.Fraud and manipulation allegationsThe heightened scrutiny is also thought to have been sparked by recent allegations of fraud and market manipulation involving some majority shareholders of Korean exchanges. For instance, Mr. Kang Jong-hyun, a majority shareholder of Bithumb, is currently facing a criminal trial for allegations of fraudulent and unfair trade activities under the Capital Markets Act. Additionally, Song Chi-hyung, the majority shareholder of Upbit and chairman of Dunamu, is facing a Supreme Court trial over alleged price manipulation through wash trading.Moves to amend legislationMeanwhile, efforts are underway in the National Assembly to amend the existing legislation. Yun Chang-hyun, a lawmaker from the ruling People Power Party and a member of the National Policy Committee, has recently proposed a bill to revise the Financial Transaction Reports Act. The amendment seeks to implement a majority shareholder screening system for VASPs.The proposed amendments would obligate VASPs, including crypto exchanges, to disclose information about their majority shareholders in their reports, thereby enabling the FIU to scrutinize any past financial crimes or economic offenses committed by these majority shareholders.