China funds research on stablecoin risks to financial system

At the 16th Mint Annual BFSI Summit and Awards in Mumbai, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) governor Shaktikanta Das reiterated the central bank's cautious stance on cryptocurrencies, regardless of recent global developments. During the event, which was held on Thursday, Das took to the stage. He was asked if the approval of spot bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in the United States gives legitimacy to cryptocurrency.Photo by rupixen.com on UnsplashUnwavering responseDas was unwavering in his response, maintaining that the RBI remains steadfast in its approach and opposition to cryptocurrencies. He stated: "The way we look at crypto remains unchanged, irrespective of who does what."  He emphasized that the RBI does not intend to emulate regulatory decisions made by other countries. Despite this global development, Das maintained the RBI's reservations, expressing concerns about the potential risks associated with venturing further into the cryptocurrency space. Favoring a crypto banLast month, officials from the Indian central bank told the Hindustan Times that the RBI believes that the Indian government should impose an outright ban on cryptocurrencies in India. One unnamed official stated:"The government cannot sidestep the RBI’s concerns while deciding on cryptocurrencies, as it is responsible for monetary stability in India and maintains price stability." Das acknowledged the potential of blockchain technology, the foundation of cryptocurrencies, highlighting its versatility for various applications. Both the central bank and the Indian government have encouraged the development of blockchain rather than crypto. Last year, an RBI-led initiative, the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), recruited blockchain expertise to further develop that project. However, he made it clear that the RBI's focus remains on strengthening governance and assurance in regulated entities, with an emphasis on early identification, close monitoring and effective management of risks. Citing ‘Tulipmania’Das cautioned against a “crypto mania,” drawing parallels to the historical tulipmania of the 17th century. He underscored the RBI's position that embracing cryptocurrencies could pose significant risks, echoing his previous warnings about the macroeconomic and financial stability risks associated with these digital assets. The governor emphasized the importance of instilling an appropriate risk culture within organizations, with active involvement from the board and senior management. Das stated that the RBI expects top officials and board members to play a more proactive role in risk management. India’s crypto community responded critically to the RBI governor’s comments. Ajeet Khurana, a Web3 growth investor, responded on social media, stating:”Dear RBI governor, I respect you a lot, and I don’t mind that you don’t like Crypto. Diverse points of view are healthy. Yet, using words like 'tulip mania' only gives the impression that you are out of touch with what is happening in Web3. My request, Sir, is that you update yourself.” Vivek Sen, the founder of Bitgrow Lab, wrote:”Dear RBI, First, don't club Bitcoin with ‘Crypto’. Secondly, Tulips did not experience an 80% drop on four occasions, and they recovered each time.”Despite opposition to cryptocurrencies in official circles in India, a report last year produced by Chainalysis found that India is leading the way in Asia in terms of grassroots adoption of cryptocurrencies. 

In a move aimed at boosting the Web3 sector, the adoption of investment tokens and the enhancement of startup financing, the Thai government recently approved a tax break for individuals holding such tokens.Photo by Nataliya Vaitkevich on PexelsIncentivizing crypto-based fundraisingThe decision, reported by local media as having been made on March 12, signifies a significant step towards incentivizing the use of investment tokens for fundraising purposes. Under the new regulations, capital gains derived from holding investment tokens will be exempt from personal income tax calculations. This exemption applies even if a 15% withholding tax had previously been deducted. The endorsement of this tax break by Thailand's cabinet underscores the government's interest in fostering economic growth and enhancing investment opportunities in the region. Kulaya Tantitemit, Director-General of Thailand's Revenue Department, emphasized the strategic importance of these tax measures, which have been made retrospectively effective from Jan. 1. The initiative is expected to stimulate fundraising activities through investment tokens, injecting vitality into the economy and paving the way for increased investment and job creation. However, it's worth noting that the tax break will only apply to individuals who refrain from seeking full or partial refunds of the deducted tax or claiming a deducted tax credit. Additionally, the government has extended tax incentives to investment token issuers, waiving corporate income tax as announced on March 7.Last month, the Thai Finance Ministry announced the exemption of digital asset trading activity from value-added tax (VAT). The VAT exemption is similarly designed to encourage the use of digital assets as an alternative fundraising mechanism. Potential $3.7B boostDeputy Government Spokesman Rachada Dhnadirek highlighted the significance of this move in diversifying fundraising avenues for firms, complementing traditional methods. The government anticipates that investment tokens will contribute approximately $3.7 billion to the economy over the next two years. While the recent tax break signals a positive step towards fostering a crypto-friendly environment in Thailand, the country's approach to crypto taxation has faced scrutiny from industry stakeholders in the past. Efforts by the Thai Revenue Department to tighten oversight and impose taxes on cryptocurrency trading were met with resistance from industry players concerned about the potential stifling effect on the sector's growth. In January 2022, the government's proposal to impose a 15% capital gains tax on crypto traders drew significant public backlash, leading to its suspension on Feb. 1 of the same year. Despite these challenges, Thailand has demonstrated a willingness to adapt its regulatory framework to accommodate the burgeoning crypto industry. Measures such as exempting traders on authorized exchanges from a 7% value-added tax (VAT) on crypto transactions, announced on March 8, 2022, underscore the government's efforts to create a conducive environment for crypto-related activities. The political backdrop in Thailand more recently is likely to be aiding the country in taking a more progressive stance where crypto is concerned. Last year, the country elected Srettha Thavisin as Prime Minister. In a prior role as CEO of real estate developer Sansiri, Thavisin oversaw the company’s involvement in digital asset-related activities. In January, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) removed the investment ceiling imposed on retail investors relative to participation in initial coin offerings (ICOs).

The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB), a policy bureau attached to the government of the special administrative region of Hong Kong, has released a new digital assets policy statement, incorporating its “LEAP” framework for the digital assets industry within the city. The document, outlining the government’s objectives and guiding principles relative to the digital assets sector, builds on its first policy statement for the industry which it published in October 2022.Photo by Harry Shum on PexelsA ‘LEAP’ towards an integrated digital assets ecosystemThe FSTB suggests that this new policy statement builds upon foundational initiatives pioneered through the initial policy statement, asserting that “Hong Kong is poised to 'LEAP' towards a trusted, sustainable, and deeply integrated [Digital Assets] ecosystem embedded within the real economy.” The government agency also suggested that this “Policy Statement 2.0” also builds on the “ASPIRe” digital asset regulatory roadmap introduced by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in February, outlining the next phase of digital asset sector development in Hong Kong. Strengthening global hub statusThe government has set out to home in on strategic measures to bring about greater liquidity in digital asset markets and diversify digital asset product offerings, while strengthening the Chinese autonomous territory’s position as a global hub for the digital asset sector. “LEAP” is an acronym for the proposed initiatives that underpin the new framework, including: - Legal and regulatory streamlining- Expanding the suite of tokenized products- Advancing use cases and cross-sectoral collaboration- People and partnership development The framework focuses heavily on the tokenization of real-world assets (RWA), with particular emphasis on bond tokenization. In February 2023, Hong Kong pioneered the issuance of the world’s first-ever tokenized government green bond. Building on that, it now seeks to bring about the regularization of the issuance of tokenized government bonds. The Hong Kong government would also like to see tokenization efforts expanding into “a broader range of assets and financial instruments.” It cited sectors such as precious metals, non-ferrous metals and renewable energy as candidates for tokenization. Promoting tokenized ETFsThe authorities are also encouraging tokenized exchange-traded funds (ETFs), with plans to introduce a stamp duty waiver for these products as an incentive. Additionally, the Hong Kong government is interested in nurturing the development of secondary market trading of such tokenized ETF products, whether that’s through digital asset trading platforms or other channels. The framework considers the further development of stablecoins. The city’s new licensing regimen for stablecoin issuers commences on Aug. 1. The FSTB maintains that stablecoins have the potential “to transform payments, supply chain management, and capital market activities by offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional systems.” In order to capitalize on this potential, the Hong Kong government, together with the city’s regulators, intends to enable licensed stablecoin issuers in the city “to explore and implement different stablecoin use cases.” Cyberport, a Hong Kong business park and digital technology incubator that hosts in excess of 1,650 startups, will also extend its support through its incubation ecosystem to further the objectives set out in the Hong Kong government’s new digital assets policy statement.