Korea to introduce more effective guidelines for crypto listing and delisting

UBS Pioneers Tokenized Money Market Fund on EthereumUnderscoring what is very much an ever-evolving financial sector, large-scale investment manager UBS Asset Management has taken a pioneering step by launching a pilot project for a tokenized money market fund on the Ethereum blockchain.Photo by Bastian Riccardi on UnsplashBlurring the lines of TradFiThe initiative, announced by UBS in Singapore on Monday, promises to streamline the traditionally cumbersome processes of fund subscriptions and redemptions. Additionally it highlights the increasing integration of blockchain technology into traditional finance, effectively blurring the boundaries between the two worlds.The UBS project aligns with Singapore’s Variable Capital Company (VCC) fund structure and falls within the scope of Project Guardian, championed by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS).Structured in this way, UBS believes that the project design lends itself to the ability to bring various forms of real-world assets (RWAs) to the blockchain. Furthermore, it establishes a favorable rapport with regulatory authorities in Singapore, a jurisdiction known for its forward-thinking, crypto-friendly financial regulatory environment.Public blockchain useThis new offering relies upon a smart contract that’s run on the Ethereum public blockchain, encapsulating the money market fund. Through this smart contract use, the subscription and redemption processes can be simplified. That will represent a major change, given that those processes have traditionally been laden with paperwork and delays.In the first iteration, large TradFi firms like UBS considered the use of private blockchains but as Matt Hougan, the CIO of crypto asset manager Bitwise, pointed out, this particular initiative is indicative of a shift towards public blockchains. Hougan stated:“Remember when TradFi projects were built on private blockchains? They are all being built on Ethereum today. Progress.”RWA tokenization potentialThe tokenization of real-world assets has the potential to revolutionize digital asset investments by offering transparency, security, and trust. It not only paves the way for a better understanding of digital assets but also accelerates their adoption. UBS’s pilot project represents another significant move in this direction.With increasing support from regulatory bodies like MAS, the fusion of digital assets with traditional financial structures is likely to witness a myriad of large-scale implementations in the not too distant future.UBS TokenizeUBS harnessed the power of its in-house tokenization service, UBS Tokenize, to seamlessly conduct the controlled pilot of the tokenized money market fund. The initiative falls squarely within the purview of UBS’s global distributed ledger technology strategy, which aims to elevate fund distribution and issuance to greater levels of efficiency by leveraging the capabilities of both private and public blockchains.UBS Tokenize also featured in a separate initiative earlier this year in Hong Kong, facilitating the issuance of digital structured notes on the Ethereum blockchain via the Bank of China Investment (BOCI).The momentum behind the tokenization of real-world assets has been building in recent years, with various protocols focusing on real-world assets consistently outperforming other sub-sectors of decentralized finance.

In an effort to fortify the cryptocurrency market and safeguard investors' funds, the Hong Kong Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) has introduced a minimum insurance requirement of 50% for licensed cryptocurrency exchanges handling customers' assets.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashGuarding against insolvency riskThe move came to light through a statement published recently by OSL, one of Hong Kong’s licensed virtual asset trading platforms. It’s aimed at enhancing security measures, protecting users from potential security breaches or insolvency. As part of that disclosure, OSL announced a two-year partnership with Canopius, an underwriter syndicate associated with Lloyd's of London. Under this collaboration, OSL will provide insurance coverage for an impressive 95% of its users' assets, surpassing the mandated 50%. OSL emphasized its commitment to safeguarding regulated assets under custody, irrespective of the regulatory guidelines permitting virtual asset service providers (VASPs) to reduce insurance coverage to 50%. Response to recent failuresThis decision is grounded in the acknowledgment of the volatile market conditions and the series of cryptocurrency firm collapses witnessed in recent years. 2022 saw a number of high-profile crypto platform collapses, such as the demise of FTX. HashKey Exchange, another licensed crypto exchange in Hong Kong, has also proactively secured its users' assets by entering into a crypto insurance agreement with Hong Kong headquartered fintech firm OneDegree back in September. The insurer entered the digital assets space last July, expanding into the Middle East last month. OneDegree’s arrangement with HashKey offers coverage ranging from $50 million to $400 million, extending beyond standard security breaches and insolvency to include server downtime, data back-up and load management incidents, ensuring comprehensive protection. Broader regulatory effortsThe minimum insurance requirement is part of the SFC's larger strategy to regulate the cryptocurrency industry in Hong Kong. While the Chinese autonomous territory enabled cryptocurrency trading for retail investors in August, only OSL and HashKey have obtained virtual asset trading licenses. Thirteen other entities are currently in the application process, undergoing rigorous due diligence checks, including comprehensive financial audits exceeding the scope beyond proof-of-reserve systems. This insurance mandate represents a significant step toward enhancing investor confidence in the cryptocurrency market. As digital assets gain popularity, ensuring the security of customers' funds has become paramount. The SFC's proactive approach seeks to strike a balance between fostering innovation and safeguarding investors. Products are also emerging that crypto users themselves can access. UK-based CryptoShield offers insurance protection directly to users that covers potential loss of funds on crypto platforms. The cryptocurrency landscape in Hong Kong is evolving rapidly, with the SFC playing a pivotal role in shaping the regulatory environment. Regulators aim to establish a robust framework addressing potential risks and protecting market participants while embracing digital innovation. As the regulatory landscape matures, more licensed crypto exchanges in Hong Kong may be required to meet the 50% minimum insurance requirement, further strengthening security measures and making the market a safer place for investors.  

Lee Bok-hyun, the governor of South Korea’s Financial Supervisory Service (FSS), is set to have a meeting with Gary Gensler, the chair of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), in May. The purpose of their meeting is to discuss whether to classify non-fungible tokens (NFTs) as virtual assets. Currently, NFTs are not seen as virtual assets in Korea, but there is a high likelihood of them being acknowledged as such following the meeting in May, local financial media outlet Edaily reported.Photo by Andrey Metelev on UnsplashLack of definition for NFTsAn NFT is a digital certificate of authenticity that is not fungible or replicable. NFTs tokenize content or assets of various types – from images, music, videos, games and artworks to real-estates – by assigning a unique token ID to them. Many see 2018 as the year NFT technology was first introduced.  Despite its wide range of applications, no legal definition has been made for NFTs. Some view NFTs as technology, and others as virtual assets or securities. The Korean government decided not to recognize NFTs as virtual assets under the Virtual Asset Protection Act (Virtual Asset Act), effective in July. Behind this decision is a perception that NFTs are less likely to pose significant risks to the market, as a large portion of NFTs are now traded by collectors seeking to expand their private collections.  However, NFTs are increasingly seen as speculative destinations by many investors over time, as prices of virtual assets including BTC surge. This shift backs the local movement to recognize NFTs as well as spot bitcoin ETFs as virtual assets. Opposition from NFT businessesBlockchain industry insiders say defining NFTs is of utmost importance, noting that classifying NFTs as virtual assets headfirst could deal a heavy blow to businesses in this sector. One finance insider mentioned that defining NFTs comes down to understanding their purposes and how they are utilized. If NFTs are primarily used for speculative purposes or as currency, they could be recognized as virtual assets, the person said.  The biggest resistance is coming from NFT-related businesses. That is because recognizing NFTs as virtual assets would require these businesses to obtain a virtual asset service provider (VASP) license from the financial authority, which takes significant costs and workforce in the process. A CEO of a blockchain startup, who preferred to remain anonymous, expressed concerns about the possibility of NFTs becoming virtual assets, saying that such recognition would enable NFT transaction tracing, potentially leading to severe violations of human rights. While many industry insiders expect that the financial authorities will bring NFTs under the forthcoming Virtual Asset Act, the FSS stated that no decisions have been made regarding details of the upcoming meeting with the U.S. SEC.