Turkey crafts new crypto regulations with FATF grey list removal objective

Taiwan Advances Crypto Regulation with Initial Reading of Digital Asset BillTaiwan has furthered its efforts on the path of digital asset regulation, as the nation’s legislature introduced a cryptocurrency bill for its inaugural reading.The “Virtual Asset Management Ordinance Draft” bill represents a significant stride toward establishing a legal framework for digital assets in the country. The proposal passed its first reading at the Taiwanese state legislature, according to published parliamentary records.Photo by Ethan Lin on UnsplashBill objectivesThe primary objectives of the bill are to define virtual assets, establish operational standards for asset operators, enhance customer protection, and make it mandatory for industry players to join relevant associations and secure regulatory permissions.Up until now, Taiwan has maintained a relatively hands-off approach to the cryptocurrency sector. Its oversight was limited to existing know-your-customer (KYC) and anti-money laundering (AML) laws. However, this stance evolved following the collapse of the cryptocurrency exchange FTX in November. The platform’s popularity among Taiwanese users, owing to favorable US dollar interest rates compared to local banks, led to increased regulatory scrutiny.A member of Taiwan’s parliament, Yung-Chang Chiang, told The Block that “after the first reading of the bill, discussions on the regulatory framework for the virtual asset industry have progressed to the next stage.” Chiang added:“We hope that the Financial Supervisory Commission can also submit their version of a draft bill to the legislature, allowing various sectors of society to further consolidate consensus during the process.”In contrast to cryptocurrency regulations in neighboring Hong Kong, Taiwan’s bill does not adopt a strong stance on derivatives or stablecoins. Nevertheless, it recognizes that derivatives linked to virtual assets possess unique characteristics, with a specific mention of perpetual contracts. This recognition opens the door for the possibility of cryptocurrency derivative-specific regulation in future drafts.Importantly, the bill does not restrict the trading of virtual assets to professional investors, which allows broader participation in the digital asset market.Auditing and segregation of fundsUnlike Japan, which mandates the use of custodians for locally licensed exchanges, the draft bill in Taiwan only necessitates the segregation of customer assets from business funds. It does not explicitly require the involvement of third-party custodians.Under this legislation, exchange operators will be obliged to commission periodic reports from accountants regarding their operations and asset management. Additionally, regulators, such as the Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC), will have the authority to conduct regular inspections of exchange internal control and audit systems.Although this initial draft does not explicitly mention “Proof of Reserves,” it does indicate that the regulator will establish standards for asset ratios after consulting with industry stakeholders, with the expectation that licensed exchanges will adhere to these standards.Fostering self regulationTaiwan’s crypto industry stakeholders have expressed their support for formal regulatory oversight. Wayne Huang, co-founder and CEO of Taipei-based fintech company XREX, recently affirmed the industry’s willingness to collaborate with the FSC in defining regulatory operations.In tandem with the establishment of a regulatory framework, regulators have indicated that they want industry stakeholders to move towards some level of self-regulation. That led nine exchange businesses to form an industry association last month.The bill’s second reading is pending, and the FSC is anticipated to provide its input and recommendations before the next phase of the legislative process.

Authorities in China have disclosed that Yao Qian, a prominent figure in the country's blockchain industry and former head of China's central bank digital currency institute, is under investigation by the nation's anti-graft watchdog. The announcement was made on Friday, revealing that Yao is "suspected of serious violations of discipline and law." However, specific details regarding the nature of the investigation were not provided.Photo by Max van den Oetelaar on UnsplashCareer and recent roleYao Qian currently holds the position of head of the technology regulation department at the China Securities Regulatory Commission. Earlier in the month, he authored an opinion piece titled “Warnings Mount Over Novel Bitcoin ETFs That Have Taken the U.S. by Storm” on Caixin, a prominent Chinese financial news platform. Born in 1970, Yao initially served as the inaugural head of China's central bank digital currency research institute in 2017 before transitioning to the securities regulator in 2018. Contributions to blockchain discourseThroughout his career, Yao Qian has been actively involved in discussions surrounding blockchain technology. In 2022, he published a book covering various topics within the blockchain space, including DAOs, DeFi, NFTs and X-to-earn models. In the foreword of his book, Yao emphasized the growing significance of Web3 innovation, noting it as a development direction of high importance and value for nations. Lack of specifics surrounding investigationThe announcement of Yao Qian's investigation has left many observers in the blockchain industry with questions, as authorities did not provide clear reasons for the probe. Despite his past contributions and current role in technology regulation, the investigation raises uncertainties about Yao's future involvement in the blockchain sector and his standing within Chinese regulatory circles. As developments unfold, stakeholders within the blockchain community will continue to monitor the situation surrounding Yao Qian's investigation and its potential implications for China's blockchain policies and initiatives. 

Leading global crypto exchange platform OKX has officially launched OKX TR, a specialized crypto exchange tailored to meet the needs of users in Turkey. This unveiling, announced on Feb. 27, marks a significant stride in the company’s efforts to offer Turkish users greater access to cryptocurrency trading and decentralized finance (DeFi).Photo by Engin Yapici on UnsplashOKX Wallet integrationOKX TR has integrated OKX's Web3 wallet, providing Turkish users with access to a wide array of features. The wallet offers a user-friendly portal for trading non-fungible tokens (NFTs), utilizing decentralized applications (dApps). Noteworthy features of the OKX Wallet include multi-party computation (MPC) technology and account abstraction (AA), enhancing accessibility for users with varying levels of technical expertise.OKX TR introduces localized features designed to cater specifically to Turkish users, including direct deposits and withdrawals in Turkish Lira, facilitated through strategic partnerships with banking institutions such as Fibabanka, VakıfBank, Ziraat Bankası, İş Bankası, Şekerbank and Türkiye Finans. The platform offers a range of major cryptocurrency pairs for trading, including USDT/TRY, BTC/TRY and ETH/TRY.  Moreover, OKX TR prioritizes user experience by providing round-the-clock customer support in both Turkish and English, attempting to provide prompt assistance and comprehensive guidance whenever needed. Crypto adoption backdropThe platform’s arrival should contribute further towards the burgeoning crypto ecosystem in Turkey, a market boasting a close to 50% adoption rate for cryptocurrencies. A report by OKX rival platform KuCoin back in August of last year found that there had been a significant increase in crypto users in Turkey over the course of the previous 18 months.  It’s believed that crypto adoption in Turkey is being driven partly by its role as a financial lifeline amid economic challenges. The country’s sovereign currency, the lira, has suffered from runaway inflation in recent years. On social media OKX Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) Haider Rafique wrote that the new service offers “lightning fast signup and funding,” alongside the “lowest fees in the market.” Mehmet Çamır, Chairman of OKX TR, outlined that the company had first announced expansion into Turkey in May 2023. Çamır set out the company’s intentions within the Turkish market, stating:"The launch of OKX TR represents more than just an expansion; it signifies our pledge to equip users with a transparent, compliant and user-friendly gateway to the world of blockchain. . . . We can unlock the vast potential of the Turkish crypto community and pave the way towards a future where finance is more inclusive and transparent.” Turkey is in the process of introducing a raft of crypto regulations, primarily with the intention of enabling it to be removed from the Financial Action Task Force’s (FATF) “grey list.” In December, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan appointed blockchain and cryptocurrency expert Fatma Ozkul to the Turkish central bank’s rate-setting committee.Those moves demonstrate some positive progress from the point of Erdogan’s statement in 2021 when he declared “a war on crypto.”