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While the crypto markets have not been immune to geopolitical developments, the sector in Iran experienced a more direct effect last week with a politically motivated $90 million exchange hack, prompting the authorities to introduce an exchange curfew. Blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis outlined on X on June 18 that Nobitex, Iran’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, had been hacked, with crypto assets to the value of $90 million having been drained from exchange-controlled wallets.Photo by Engin Akyurt on PexelsWeaponizing blockchain technologyThe hack had the hallmark of a politically-motivated attack given that rather than the digital assets being stolen, they were sent to vanity addresses, customized blockchain addresses involving user-defined sequences of characters. The vanity addresses contained “politically charged messages” and in sending the funds to them, the funds were effectively burned as they’re now permanently inaccessible.  The firm stated:”This incident highlights how crypto exploits aren’t always financially motivated. Bad actors can weaponize blockchain technology for geopolitical messaging, turning hacks into ideological statements rather than profit-driven crimes.” Pro-Israel hacker group Gonjeshke Darande, also known as “Predatory Sparrow,” appears to have carried out the hack, given that on June 18, it outlined on X that it would release Nobitex’s source code together with other internal information related to the firm’s internal network, while confirming that it had conducted cyberattacks against the company. The group made the following assertion:”The Nobitex exchange is at the heart of the [Iranian] regime’s efforts to finance terror worldwide, as well as being the regime’s favorite sanctions violation tool.” Rafe Pilling, director of threat intelligence at Sophos, a British cybersecurity company, told The Guardian that Predatory Sparrow “bears all the hallmarks of a false persona used by a government-sponsored threat group to conduct disruptive operations against targets” linked to the Iranian government. While Nobitex is estimated to have seven million users, an Open Source Intelligence (OSINT)-based investigation carried out in 2024 linked relatives of Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, and other Iranian establishment figures to the crypto exchange. Minimizing systemic riskThe cyber attack has prompted a response from the Iranian government. In a blog post, Chainalysis outlined that the Central Bank of Iran has instructed all domestic crypto exchange platforms to curtail their service hours to between 10 a.m. and 8 p.m. The company speculated that this measure could be motivated by a desire to impose a higher level of oversight and control over the local crypto sector. However, it also suggested that it may be part of an attempt by the Iranian authorities to manage and minimize systemic risk. In recent years, Iran has been subject to extensive international sanctions applied by various entities including the United States, the European Union and the United Nations. Those sanctions have had a significant impact upon the country’s economy, triggering high inflation and currency devaluation.  With that, crypto has been increasingly viewed by the authorities as a means to circumvent sanctions. Last December, the Iranian authorities appeared to be working towards regulating crypto, embracing the asset class in acknowledgement of its growing importance to the Iranian economy. In February, Chainalysis reported that sanctioned entities worldwide had received $15.8 billion in crypto transactions in 2024.

Taiwan police uncover $320M crypto money laundering operationTaiwan police have recently exposed the largest cryptocurrency money laundering case in the nation’s history, involving 320 million USDT (approximately 10.5 billion New Taiwan dollars).Photo by DrawKit Illustrations on UnsplashCross-border laundering operationIt emerged on Tuesday that the Electronic Investigation Team of the Criminal Bureau initiated their probe after uncovering a fraudulent scheme related to a counterfeit Taishin Securities mobile software last year. This led them to a merchant with the surname Qiu, the alleged mastermind behind this operation who was suspected of laundering substantial sums through virtual currency.Qiu is believed to have maintained connections with overseas gambling and fraud groups, engaging in cross-border communication with illicit organizations in countries including Hong Kong, Malaysia and the Philippines.Their investigation revealed that Qiu had been conducting transactions involving 320 million Tether US dollar stablecoins since February of the previous year. In June, law enforcement apprehended Qiu during one of his visits to Taiwan, along with four alleged accomplices.High value goodsDuring the operation, authorities seized high-value assets from Qiu, including a Lamborghini Urus, a Lexus LM and three Audemars Piguet watches, with a combined market value exceeding TWD 13 million. The lavish lifestyle maintained by Qiu, evident from his luxury cars and high-end watches, serves as a stark reminder of the extensive underground economy driven by money laundering.Evidence from the operation suggested Qiu’s involvement in handling illicitly obtained Tether coins worth approximately TWD 70 million. Further investigations uncovered that Qiu regularly sold virtual currency and converted it into cash to effectively obscure the money’s origins, accomplishing the goal of laundering.In piecing the activities of the group together, police determined that victims were instructed to transfer their funds to fictitious accounts. In that way, the money found its way to crypto exchanges and individual crypto traders under the direction and control of the group.Qiu would also retain a 1% profit margin from the laundered amount. Several other individuals were implicated in this extensive operation, including a foreign affairs officer named Liao and two other individuals named Chen and Huang. Each of these individuals is presently under investigation, with varying levels of bail and restrictions imposed.The intricate web of transactions and the substantial amount laundered by Qiu have surpassed previous records held by the Electronic Investigation Team. As investigations continue, law enforcement is determined to uncover the full extent of this operation and trace the entirety of the money flow.Taiwan’s legislators are currently working on producing a regulatory framework for crypto in the country. The only regulatory aspect that is covered right now is oversight relative to anti-money laundering (AML) and know-your-customer (KYC) regulation. In 2018 Yang Chin-long, Taiwan’s central bank Governor, called for a need to regulate crypto on the basis of existing AML rules, with the authorities subsequently following through on that measure.In July 2022, the country’s Financial Supervisory Commission (FSC) penned a letter to the banking sector, banning the purchase of digital assets via credit cards.

The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB), a policy bureau attached to the government of the special administrative region of Hong Kong, has released a new digital assets policy statement, incorporating its “LEAP” framework for the digital assets industry within the city. The document, outlining the government’s objectives and guiding principles relative to the digital assets sector, builds on its first policy statement for the industry which it published in October 2022.Photo by Harry Shum on PexelsA ‘LEAP’ towards an integrated digital assets ecosystemThe FSTB suggests that this new policy statement builds upon foundational initiatives pioneered through the initial policy statement, asserting that “Hong Kong is poised to 'LEAP' towards a trusted, sustainable, and deeply integrated [Digital Assets] ecosystem embedded within the real economy.” The government agency also suggested that this “Policy Statement 2.0” also builds on the “ASPIRe” digital asset regulatory roadmap introduced by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in February, outlining the next phase of digital asset sector development in Hong Kong. Strengthening global hub statusThe government has set out to home in on strategic measures to bring about greater liquidity in digital asset markets and diversify digital asset product offerings, while strengthening the Chinese autonomous territory’s position as a global hub for the digital asset sector. “LEAP” is an acronym for the proposed initiatives that underpin the new framework, including: - Legal and regulatory streamlining- Expanding the suite of tokenized products- Advancing use cases and cross-sectoral collaboration- People and partnership development The framework focuses heavily on the tokenization of real-world assets (RWA), with particular emphasis on bond tokenization. In February 2023, Hong Kong pioneered the issuance of the world’s first-ever tokenized government green bond. Building on that, it now seeks to bring about the regularization of the issuance of tokenized government bonds. The Hong Kong government would also like to see tokenization efforts expanding into “a broader range of assets and financial instruments.” It cited sectors such as precious metals, non-ferrous metals and renewable energy as candidates for tokenization. Promoting tokenized ETFsThe authorities are also encouraging tokenized exchange-traded funds (ETFs), with plans to introduce a stamp duty waiver for these products as an incentive. Additionally, the Hong Kong government is interested in nurturing the development of secondary market trading of such tokenized ETF products, whether that’s through digital asset trading platforms or other channels. The framework considers the further development of stablecoins. The city’s new licensing regimen for stablecoin issuers commences on Aug. 1. The FSTB maintains that stablecoins have the potential “to transform payments, supply chain management, and capital market activities by offering a cost-effective and efficient alternative to traditional systems.” In order to capitalize on this potential, the Hong Kong government, together with the city’s regulators, intends to enable licensed stablecoin issuers in the city “to explore and implement different stablecoin use cases.” Cyberport, a Hong Kong business park and digital technology incubator that hosts in excess of 1,650 startups, will also extend its support through its incubation ecosystem to further the objectives set out in the Hong Kong government’s new digital assets policy statement.