HKEX Launches Blockchain-Based Settlement Platform

CoinGecko Report Points to Q3 Market ContractionThe third quarter of 2023 was marked by a significant market downturn and market cap contraction. That’s one of a number of findings in a Q3 crypto industry report compiled by Malaysian cryptocurrency ranking platform CoinGecko.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashMarket cap contractionThe company released its latest research on Tuesday. In mid-August, Bitcoin (BTC) witnessed a sudden drop from approximately $29,000 to around $26,000, leading to a dip in the total cryptocurrency market capitalization from $1.2 trillion to $1.1 trillion.The total crypto market capitalization recorded a nearly 10% decline, amounting to a drop of $119.1 billion. Since reaching its local peak on April 17, the total market capitalization has experienced a decline of 16.3%.Notable shifts in the top 30 cryptocurrencies include Solana (SOL) climbing to #7, TrueUSD (TUSD) rising to #19, Litecoin (LTC) falling to #14, Avalanche (AVAX) dropping to #22, and Binance USD (BUSD) sliding to #27.Stablecoin shrinkageThe top 15 stablecoins saw a 3.8% decrease in market capitalization during Q3 2023, reaching $121.3 billion. Tether (USDT) maintained its market cap during this period. USD Coin (USDC) experienced the largest absolute loss at -$2.26 billion (-8.3%), while Binance USD (BUSD) faced the most significant percentage decline of -45.3%, amounting to a drop of -$1.87 billion. TrueUSD (TUSD) was the sole gainer among the top 5, with a 12.8% increase in market cap.NFT trading volume cut in halfTrading volume for NFTs declined by 55.6%, dropping from $3.67 billion in Q2 to $1.63 billion in Q3. Ethereum maintained its dominance, accounting for 83.2% of the NFT market during Q3. ImmutableX NFTs, driven by trading card game Gods Unchained, experienced a strong Q3, with a market share increase from 2.1% in Q2 to 3.9% in Q3.Continued growth for RWAsThe Real World Asset (RWA) sector has continued to grow in 2023, with tokenized US treasury bills gaining popularity. The market cap for these tokenized T-bills increased from $114.0 million in January 2023 to $665.0 million by the end of September, marking a 5.84x gain. Traditional financial institutions led the way, with American asset manager Franklin Templeton controlling almost half of the overall market share, followed by Ondo Finance at 27%. Ethereum held 49% of the market cap share, while Stellar followed closely behind with 48%.Spot DEX and CEX trading volume downIn Q3, spot trading volume on the top 10 decentralized exchanges (DEX) totaled $105 billion, a 31.2% drop from Q2. THORchain experienced a significant gain in volume, though this was partially attributed to illicit transfers.Spot trading volume on the top 10 centralized crypto exchanges (CEX) amounted to $1.12 trillion, a decrease of 20.1% compared to Q2. Binance’s market share dropped to 44%, facing regulatory pressures and significant executive departures. Among the Asian exchange platforms, HTX, previously known as Huobi, secured the third spot with an 8% market share. Only Upbit and Bybit saw gains, while Kucoin was edged out of the top 10.While Q3 may not have been the most positive industry quarter recently, things are looking a lot more promising as Q4 develops, with Singapore-based digital assets financial services platform Matrixport predicting a bitcoin unit price of $45,000 by year end.

It has emerged in recent days that two London-headquartered crypto startups have taken steps towards expanding into the Asian market.  Funding to fuel Asian expansion Haruko, an investment platform that focuses on digital assets based in London, announced that it has raised $6 million in a Series A funding round, with the intention of using the funds to propel the company’s expansion into Southeast Asia. The round was led by White Star Capital and MMC Ventures. Combined with an initial seed round which was completed in March 2022, Haruko has raised a total of $16 million. The firm provided details of its latest funding earlier this week through a press release published via AccessWire.  Having been founded in 2021, the startup has established its operations in Europe and North America, adding in excess of 50 institutions to its client list. Those clients include hedge funds, family offices, market makers, over-the-counter (OTC) trading desks, digital asset custodians and prime brokerages. Haruko co-founder and CEO Shamyl Malik spoke to the firm’s global expansion plans, stating: "We're looking forward to continuing our global expansion, investing in exceptionally talented team members to support us in our goal of building out an industry-leading, end-to-end solution for digital assets and the future of the finance industry. We will continue to invest singularly in this mission, ensuring the quality of our products and services is at the forefront of all our activity." The company has already established a base in Singapore through which it can expand further into the Asian market. Asia is clearly becoming an attractive destination for crypto startups as alongside Haruko, a recent announcement from crypto custodian Copper outlined that it has acquired a trading license in Hong Kong.Photo by CHUTTERSNAP on UnsplashTCSP license in Hong Kong The London-headquartered digital assets custodian outlined on X that it has secured a Trust or Company Service Provider (TCSP) license in Hong Kong from the autonomous Chinese territory’s Companies Registry. Copper CEO Dmitry Tokarev commented on the milestone, stating: "Combining trust and efficiency is fundamental to our institution-first approach. This license approval in a key global hub only strengthens that unique offer, highlighting Copper’s compliance with Hong Kong’s regulatory frameworks and standards." The license enables the company in extending the offering of its digital asset custody services to clients in Hong Kong. Tokarev added that the license approval “is a key development in Copper’s expansion in the Asia Pacific market.” Back in 2020, the firm raised $8 million in funding in a Series A round that, as with Haruko, featured MMC Ventures, with a view towards expanding into Asia and North America. Towards the end of last year, the firm launched a settlement network for institutional crypto traders. Its ClearLoop network enables clients to manage collateral and settle trades across a number of exchanges while increasing capital efficiency and mitigating counterparty risk. Over the course of the month of June, the company claimed to have processed 13.1 million trades via ClearLoop, accounting for a notional traded volume of $109.9 billion. 17,500 individual risk clearing settlements were finalized, with 3,600 inter-exchange movements. The company had a number of significant announcements last month, including a collaboration with the Sui layer-1 blockchain and the integration of the ClearLoop system by global crypto exchange, Kraken.

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.