Japanese Startup Drives Asian Digital Payment Network Initiative

G20 Nations Believed to Have Agreed Upon Global Crypto FrameworkUnder India’s current leadership of the G20, reports are emerging that participating nations have reached a unanimous consensus on establishing a common framework for cryptocurrency regulation.According to local news sources, this monumental decision has been reached, and it’s expected to take center stage during the 18th G20 Heads of State and Government Summit scheduled for September 9–10 in New Delhi.Photo by Rachit Chaudhary on UnsplashIMF/FSB synthesis paperThe reports published on Wednesday cite information from official sources that the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the Financial Stability Board (FSB) have collaboratively released a synthesis paper laying the groundwork for this comprehensive regulatory framework. Consequently, discussions around this initiative will likely feature prominently on the agenda during the upcoming leaders’ summit.The unity achieved by G20 nations in forging this global cryptocurrency regulation framework marks a significant milestone in the ever-evolving area of digital assets. The framework’s primary goal is to provide a structured approach to oversee cryptocurrencies, potentially mitigating risks associated with their use, all while fostering innovation within the rapidly expanding crypto sector.Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs)Aside from this development relative to digital assets, multiple working groups have been working on recommendations related to Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs). These groups have proposed measures to confront future financing challenges, and there is growing support for establishing a $200 billion fund to meet financing needs over the next decade.Beyond financial concerns, the G20 nations, under India’s leadership, have embarked on a comprehensive evaluation of the high volatility in food and energy security. Stressing the vital importance of stability in these sectors for sustainable global growth, these issues will take the spotlight during the leaders’ summit later this week.TaxationAnother area where India has made significant strides is international taxation. During India’s G20 Presidency, a pillar taxation system for international taxation has been recommended. The efforts in this domain have been described as making “significant progress” so far, underscoring the commitment of G20 nations to address global taxation challenges.It’s interesting to note that on the home front, India has been far less progressive when it comes to crypto-related taxation. The country has imposed a 30% tax on cryptocurrency transactions. Local crypto exchanges have also pointed to a 1% Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) which is being applied to exchanges as a major challenge that is having an impact on their operations.A threat and an opportunityLate last month, Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi urged his G20 counterparts to work towards global collaboration in respect of formulating global crypto regulations. On Wednesday India’s Finance Minister, Nirmala Sitharaman, confirmed that active discussions were underway as part of India’s G20 presidency. At an event in India’s financial capital of Mumbai, Sitharaman stated:”India’s [G20] presidency has put on the table key issues related to regulating or understanding that there should be a framework for handling issues related to crypto assets.” While confirming that G20 members were working toward establishing a global crypto framework, Sitharaman also remarked that crypto was a “threat as well as an opportunity.”

MAS and NY Fed Publish Report on CBDC Cross-Border PaymentsNew York’s Federal Reserve Bank and the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) have collaborated on an endeavor titled “Project Cedar Phase II x Ubin+,” examining the use of a central bank digital currency (CBDC) for wholesale cross-border payments using one or more vehicle currencies.The joint effort has culminated in the publication of a report detailing their findings and results. Commenting on the initiative, MAS Managing Director Leong Sing Chiong stated:“The Cedar x Ubin+ experiment envisages a future digital currency landscape where central banks can enable interoperability of wholesale CBDCs to facilitate more efficient cross-border payment flows including for less liquid currencies, without requiring a common infrastructure.”Photo by NASA on UnsplashExploiting positive DLT characteristicsSpecifically, the New York Innovation Center (NYIC) of the NY Fed was the entity that contributed directly towards the research project. The work built on previous phases of Project Cedar. The objective was to explore perceived advantages of digital ledger technology (DLT) such as reduced settlement risk and reduced settlement time, in the context of cross-border payments.The conventional system primarily uses the SWIFT financial messaging network. The approach is highly inefficient. It’s time-consuming and needlessly ties capital up in vostro and nostro accounts (accounts held for another entity from an account another entity holds). Tying up capital proves to be a liquidity headache for corporations and any business entity that gets involved with international trade settlement.Smart contracts and off-chain messagingAgainst that backdrop, the project team was focusing on harnessing the ability to effect atomic or real-time settlement using DLT. Having commenced the work in November, the project team decided to rely on hashed timelock smart contracts in order to bridge distinct ledgers, so as to effect cross-currency and cross-border transactions.According to the report, the proposed system also relied on off-chain messaging functionality. Cross-border trade settlement often involves a number of stakeholders. Off-chain messaging can be beneficial in disseminating information relative to the process to all stakeholders.The researchers found that each simulated payment scenario achieved end-to-end settlement in under thirty seconds on average, realizing the goal of near real-time settlement. In turn, that speed of settlement meant that stakeholders could be notified of payment finality within a matter of seconds. Certainty of settlement, and thus reduction in counterparty risk was achieved by simulating atomic settlement, such that transactions only settled if all legs in the cross-currency payment chain executed successfully.From the point of view of interoperability and autonomy, the experiment demonstrated the ability to safely execute across multiple ledgers without the need to involve a centralized clearing authority or the establishment of a shared central network.The Bank of International Settlement (BIS) recently highlighted the finding that on a daily basis, $2.2 trillion of foreign exchange transactions don’t use a payment versus payment (PvP) settlement mechanism. PvP is a less risky form of settlement where two currency legs are exchanged simultaneously. Singapore is more exposed than most in this regard. Therefore, the use of DLT to counteract that risk in line with the experiment’s findings would be a progressive step.

Okto commits $5 million treasury fund to support Vauld usersOkto, the self-custody DeFi wallet app offered by Indian crypto exchange CoinDCX, has pledged a $5 million treasury fund to provide support to Vauld users.Vauld, a Singapore-based crypto lending platform, brought a halt to all trading, withdrawal and deposit activities in 2022 as it ran into liquidity issues. The business has been undergoing a process of restructuring under the protection of the courts in Singapore ever since.Photo by Towfiqu barbhuiya on UnsplashIncentivizing user asset transferIn response, Okto has stepped forward with a proactive approach to assist Vauld users in their transition. Okto is offering a 2% bonus to users who opt to transfer their assets from Vauld to Okto.Neeraj Khandelwal, the Founder of Okto, emphasized the company’s overarching mission while unveiling this $5 million initiative. He said: “While this $5 million fund represents one of our initiatives to support the crypto ecosystem, our overarching vision is to empower the Web3 community through cutting-edge technology-backed platforms and apps designed to tackle the broader challenges within the ecosystem.”Self-custody assurance featureIn addition to this incentive, Okto is also offering a self-custody assurance feature. This feature allows users to gain complete ownership of their private keys, ensuring that access to their funds remains exclusively in their hands. Moreover, users can benefit from round-the-clock access to monitor their assets. That delivers a reassuring sense of control and peace of mind regarding the users’ cryptocurrency holdings, against a backdrop of those users having had the experience of being unable to withdraw their funds when the Vauld platform paused trading.The concept of self-custody is central to what crypto was supposed to be about. It grants complete ownership of assets to the user. Khandelwal outlined that Okto was established on the basis that it could strike a balance between security, convenience and custody. In this way, it felt that it could resolve what could be termed as the crypto wallet trilemma. “Okto’s enduring mission has been to provide users with a secure and user-friendly app, and we will persistently strive to achieve this objective,” Khandelwal added.Mitigating riskLaunched globally earlier this year, Okto is a keyless, self-custody Web3 wallet that ensures secure access to DeFi services while prioritizing the safety of users’ funds. This all-in-one Web3 app approach eliminates the cumbersome need to safeguard seed phrases, ensuring users have full control of their funds.Moreover, it mitigates the risk of a single point of failure through its state-of-the-art, custom-built, consensus-driven Multi-Party Computation (MPC) technology. With MPC, private keys required for fund access and control are never fully exposed, guaranteeing the constant security of users’ assets.Vivek Gupta, Chief Technology Officer at Okto, elaborated on the technology behind Okto’s product offering, stating:“Okto uses state of the art Multi-Party-Computation algorithms to create users’ private keys. Our MPC algorithm never produces a complete private key. Our MPC algorithm uses three nodes which communicate with each other under proprietary encryption channels and create a unique sensitive material on each node.”In addition to its security measures, Okto wallet boasts compatibility with multiple Web3 chains such as Polygon, BSC and Avalanche, along with protocols like Stader and WooFi, among others.