Top

HashKey Report Outlines Risks of Liquid Staking

Web3 & Enterprise·August 04, 2023, 1:42 AM

Liquid staking derivatives (LSD) are not without their potential pitfalls according to a report published by Hong Kong’s HashKey Capital.

Photo by Shubham Dhage on Unsplash

 

Liquid staking exceeds $22 billion

The report, which was published by the digital asset manager and finance house in July, emphasizes the pressing need for enhanced decentralization to counteract the risks associated with this growing trend of liquid staking.

The figures themselves are impressive. This year, the total value locked in the liquid staking derivatives market has surged past the $22 billion mark. Correspondingly, the market capitalization of LSD projects has skyrocketed to $18 billion, indicating a substantial influx of interest and investment.

However, the growth that these protocols are witnessing also presents a dual-edged conundrum for the Ethereum ecosystem. HashKey Capital’s report underscores that despite the advantages these protocols might offer their respective communities and token-holders, they could potentially destabilize the Ethereum ecosystem in multifaceted ways.

 

Centralization risk

As evident in HashKey Capital’s overview, several LSD protocols heavily rely on a limited number of node operators, effectively centralizing a significant portion of validator nodes. This centralization trend, as highlighted by the report, is a cause for concern. The concentration of node operators raises red flags, as it contradicts the fundamental tenets of decentralization that underpin blockchain technology.

The report articulates the adverse effects of centralization in the realm of liquid staking. It points to the dangers of reduced competition and a heightened risk of censorship.

The report raises an important caution: “There is a heightened possibility of censorship with centralized staking players, as they may be subject to incentives or regulatory pressure to censor transactions. This can potentially result in a disruption of the trust within the network.”

 

Security threats

Centralization also ushers in security threats. The dominance of major staking players makes the Ethereum ecosystem more susceptible to 51% attacks. Furthermore, the potential for collusion among centralized stakers looms large, leading to actions that counteract the very essence of decentralization, such as front running and malicious maximal extractable value (MEV) susceptibility.

However, amidst these centralization risks, HashKey Capital acknowledges that most protocols are in their nascent stages. Many of them have devised strategies to incorporate distributed validator technology into their protocols, a proactive step towards fostering greater decentralization and resilience.

 

HashKey Exchange awarded retail services license

In an unrelated development, HashKey Exchange received approval on Wednesday to upgrade type 1 and type 7 licenses, allowing it to cater to retail investors in Hong Kong. This accomplishment comes a mere two months after the city introduced its Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) licensing framework on June 1.

In this evolving landscape, HashKey Capital and OSL were among the pioneer licensed exchanges under the city’s earlier voluntary program. Now, the new regulations stipulate that crypto trading platforms must obtain a license to serve retail investors, further solidifying Hong Kong’s commitment to cultivating a thriving crypto ecosystem.

As the HashKey Capital report and recent developments in Hong Kong demonstrate, there’s a lot in play relative to both crypto regulation, protocol design and new product innovation. The challenges posed by centralization in liquid staking underscore the importance of vigilance and corrective action. Meanwhile, Hong Kong’s aspirations to become a crypto stronghold offer a beacon of hope in an ever-evolving regulatory landscape.

More to Read
View All
Web3 & Enterprise·

Apr 19, 2023

Lackluster Nasdaq Debut for Bitdeer

Bitcoin miner Bitdeer Technologies Group’s stock had a rough debut on the Nasdaq exchange, losing almost 30% of its value shortly after market open on Friday. The Singapore-based firm, which is one of the largest bitcoin miners in the world, had delayed its listing several times and saw a lukewarm reception from investors. Bitdeer’s merger with a special-purpose acquisition vehicle called Blue Safari Group Acquisition Corp was approved on Tuesday, paving the way for the listing. Mining across six sitesBitdeer has six mining sites across Washington state, Texas, Tennessee, and Norway, with a total energy capacity of 775 megawatts as of the end of 2022. It has a hashrate or computing power of 16.2 exahash per second (EH/s), second only to bankrupt miner Core Scientific and higher than Riot Platforms and Marathon Digital Holdings. Around one-quarter of the hashrate is used for self-mining, while the rest is given out for cloud mining, which means that customers rent the machines and reap the rewards.Despite the company’s impressive size and scale, Bitdeer’s financial performance deteriorated in 2022, which was partly due to worsening market conditions. The company reported revenue of $330.3 million and a loss of $62.4 million for the year, compared with $394.7 million in revenue and a profit of $82.6 million in the previous year. The company’s listing comes at a better time than last year, as market conditions have improved, and bitcoin has passed the $30,000 mark. Mining equities have also outperformed the digital asset in percentage growth. Differentiation of mining operatorsHowever, Bitdeer’s listing was not received as positively as expected, and the stock was halted several times for volatility shortly after the market opened. Other crypto mining stocks saw single-digit upticks in their share value at the same time. The market is beginning to shift from operators with the biggest scale to operators with the best unit economics, said investment bank Stifel Nicolaus’s analyst Bill Papanastasiou.This shift may explain why investors were not too keen on Bitdeer’s debut, as the company’s financials are not as strong as those of its competitors. Despite Bitdeer being larger than Marathon and Riot, based on its current share price and valuation, it is priced at a third of the value of its two industry peers.Bitdeer was born out of the world’s largest rig manufacturer, Bitmain, following a spat between the two co-founders. The firm is not the only cloud mining firm affiliated with Bitmain that is going public via SPAC, as BitFuFu is also in the process of going public, but has delayed its listing. Bitdeer’s stock debut may have been lackluster, but the company remains one of the largest bitcoin miners in the world.Shares in the newly quoted public company opened at $9.70, sliding to $6.30, before ending the first day’s trading at $7.03.

news
Policy & Regulation·

Jul 25, 2023

Seoul Govt to Hire Blockchain Expert to Enhance Administrative Services for Citizens

Seoul Govt to Hire Blockchain Expert to Enhance Administrative Services for CitizensThe Seoul Metropolitan Government is hiring a blockchain specialist in an effort to bolster its administrative services for citizens, leveraging the power of blockchain technology to provide enhanced and efficient solutions, as per local news outlet Etnews.Photo by Yu Kato on UnsplashRoles and eligibilityThe appointed blockchain specialist will participate in the development and management of blockchain-based administrative systems. The position will also involve facilitating technological cooperation between the public and private sectors, with a focus on integrating blockchain-powered platforms with cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data, and the Internet of Things.Interested candidates have until July 26 to submit their applications, with the successful candidate expected to be revealed in August, following document screening and interviews.To be eligible for the position, applicants must meet one of the following criteria:1. Hold a bachelor’s degree and possess at least one year of experience in related fields.2. Have three or more years of relevant experience.3. Be public servants of rank 8 or higher with a minimum of two years of relevant experience.Eligible candidates must have a proven track record in the development and operation of information systems, blockchains, and non-fungible tokens.Seoul’s blockchain initiativesThe Seoul Metropolitan Government’s current efforts to integrate blockchain technology into its administrative services include the operation of the Seoul Wallet app, a one-stop solution that enables citizens to access their identification, certificates, and credentials. The city government has plans to connect this app with other digital and healthcare platforms to create a fully integrated management system.Seoul has been at the forefront of blockchain adoption in South Korea. In 2020, it became the first Korean city to launch a blockchain-powered labor contract system, aimed at protecting the rights of temporary workers. Additionally, the city has been actively exploring various ways to leverage blockchain for online ID verification services. Such initiatives include a benefits card designed for families with two or more children, offering discounts on public facilities usage.A representative from the city government highlighted their recognition of blockchain as a key technology in the era of Web3. As a result, Seoul is seeking opportunities to introduce and support blockchain-based initiatives within its jurisdiction. The official emphasized the city’s commitment to providing safe and inclusive civil services built on blockchain technology, following a thorough assessment of their potentials and risks.

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Jun 16, 2025

KuCoin Thailand moves to full platform launch

Seychelles-headquartered global crypto exchange KuCoin has announced the full launch of its affiliate in Thailand. KuCoin Thailand was first presented by KuCoin back in April. The affiliate company emerged through a rebranding of local digital asset exchange, ERX. The renamed entity continues to be operated by ERX Company Ltd., while benefiting as a KuCoin affiliate from its global market presence and global exchange infrastructure.Photo by Bradley Prentice on UnsplashERX platform users onboardedSince that initial announcement, the exchange has been operated by onboarding users on an invite-only basis. All of the original ERX platform users have been ported across to KuCoin Thailand. In a statement published to its website on June 13, KuCoin Thailand pointed out that it is moving on from that invite-only phase to fully launch the platform.  It asserted that the platform is fully licensed by Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and it has now proceeded to full launch with no further access restrictions. In tandem with the full public launch of the platform, the company indicated that it was running a special rewards initiative with a prize pool of one million Thai Baht ($30,845) and introducing a new brand mascot named “Kuku.” In a press release, KuCoin claimed that “this marks the first fully regulated local digital asset exchange under KuCoin's brand,” contributing towards the company’s goal “to build fast, secure, and user-friendly infrastructure for crypto users” globally. Strengthening KuCoin’s presence in Southeast AsiaKuCoin CEO BC Wong described the launch as “a significant milestone in [the company’s] global compliance journey.” He added: “From being the first global exchange to register with India's FIU to now launching the first local compliant platform in Thailand, this marks a significant step toward strengthening our presence in the fast-growing markets of South East Asia.” In discussion with Cointelegraph, the KuCoin CEO provided an insight into how the company is approaching global growth while focusing on local market considerations. He stated: “While KuCoin Global supports a wide range of products for international users, we plan to expand locally in line with regulations and market demand.” Wong confirmed that the newly branded entity facilitates crypto spot trading for its users, with Thai Baht-based on and off ramps. Regulator & police enforcementThailand’s SEC moved to block five cryptocurrency platforms from accessing investors resident in Thailand late last month. The exchanges, OKX, Bybit, CoinEx, XT.com and 1000X.Live, were deemed to have been offering their services in Thailand on an unlicensed and unauthorized basis. In addition to blocking access, criminal complaints have been filed against all five exchanges. Thai police have also been busy recently with crypto-related enforcement. Last month, a Vietnamese woman was arrested on the basis of her alleged involvement in a crypto-related scam that saw 2,600 victims lose a total of $300 million. On June 12, Bangkok-based news platform Khaosod English reported that a Chinese man had been arrested in connection with a $6 million Bitcoin fraud case.

news
Loading