Lack of Funds Sees Multichain Cease Operations

Yuan Surpasses Dollar in China Cross-Border TradeThere has been a lot of talk in recent weeks and months about the continued use of the US dollar as the global reserve currency and newly published data from Beijing now demonstrates that the Chinese yuan became the most widely used cross-border currency in China for the first time in March.©Pexels/VOLKAN SORKUNErosion of dollar dominanceOver the course of the month of March, the US dollar was used in 46.7% of cross border transactions. That’s down 1.1% on the preceding month. Meanwhile, the yuan was the currency of choice in cross border Chinese trade last month, used in 48.4% of all cross border transactions.While this may seem impressive and it is encouraging for the Chinese authorities, it is still just a drop in the ocean when compared with the overall global cross border transaction statistics. Data produced by international financial messaging service, SWIFT, demonstrates that while the yuan’s share of global currency transactions relative to trade finance increased to 4.5%, that’s just a drop in the ocean. The same data set reveals that the US dollar accounted for around 84% of global cross border transactions in March.While it’s unlikely that the US dollar will be usurped in its global reserve currency role over the short to medium term, certain cracks are beginning to emerge that serve to weaken the leading fiat currency. According to a recent report by emerging market focused management firm Eurizon SLJ Capital, the dollar demonstrated a decline in reserve currency use of 8% in 2022. Since 2016, the leading international currency has declined in use on an adjusted basis by 11%. It also emerged this week that Argentina will begin to pay China in yuan for imports. The move comes at a time when the South American country is experiencing an acute shortfall in its dollar reserves following a drought-induced decrease in agricultural exports which would have ordinarily brought more dollars into the country’s coffers.SanctionsIn the case of Russia, China’s yuan replaced the US dollar in monthly trading volume in February for the first time, according to data compiled by Bloomberg. The emergence of the Russia Ukraine conflict in 2022, and more specifically the United States’ response to Russia as a consequence of the conflict, appears to have led to major change in terms of dollar use. Prior to the invasion, the trading volume of the Chinese yuan in Russia was negligible.The United States introduced a raft of sanctions that made it difficult for Russian banks and Russian corporations to trade internationally. It also confiscated sovereign funds held in US dollars belonging to Russia.It’s thought that this move has had wider repercussions as other nations have started to feel increasingly insecure in holding US dollars against that background. The logic is that any potential conflict between a nation and the United States could lead to a similar outcome. The US may have crossed a line that destroys confidence in other countries’ use of the US dollar.Implications for cryptocurrencyWhile these weaknesses in the global reserve status of the US dollar are unlikely to lead to its demise in that role any time soon, they may well be a bellwether of what plays out over the longer term. US dollar weakness is one aspect. Set against that, it’s hard to imagine the yuan being so dominant as to ever be the leading world currency relative to international trade.It’s far more likely that we may see several global ‘reserves’ share the role in the longer term. Bitcoin has been mentioned in the past as a candidate for this role given that it is not associated with any one nation. However, its current market capitalization and trading volume is minuscule by comparison with what would be required of a global reserve currency. That said, in a future where various currencies play a part in holding that reserve status, Bitcoin could very well see a modest but increasingly significant increase in its use for global trade purposes in the years ahead.

At the 'Beyond Coin: Brace for Digital Asset Super Cycle' conference held in Seoul on April 30, Lee Hae-bung, Head of Investor Protection Center at Upbit, said that it is significantly important for virtual asset service providers (VASP) to fulfill their responsibilities at a time when the government authority is laying the groundwork for crypto regulations, according to local media TECH M. Upbit is one of the few licensed cryptocurrency exchanges in South Korea. The conference was jointly organized by SEUM Law Firm and local media outlet TECH M.  During his speech at the conference, Lee stated that by adhering to industrial rules and meeting obligations, VASPs can protect not only crypto investors but also themselves. This is how the crypto industry can enhance the value of blockchain and build trust surrounding the cutting-edge technology, he asserted. Photo by Lukas on PexelsShifting paradigm Lee said everything created based on blockchain and ledger technology is now deemed assets and property in the modern world, warranting new regulations. This marks a contrasting shift from the past when only fiat currencies were considered assets and mediums of storage.  In the following sessions, he delivered presentations about cryptocurrency regulations in various countries such as the U.S., Singapore, Hong Kong and several EU member states. During his speech, four moral pillars – legal clarity, responsible innovation, accountability and resilience – were particularly highlighted as ethical requirements for VASPs.  Ten minus one equals zeroLee noted that Korea's crypto industry is currently going through transitional phases, during which the nationwide crypto craze disrupted the market and turned many good-willed investors into victims. The recent Bitcoin rally has lured many young Korean investors in their 20s and 30s to the crypto market, many of whom engaged in reckless investments with borrowed money.  The industry is now at a point where regulations are being laid out for investor protection, however, heading into a sustainable and healthy direction, he added.  "Ten minus one equals zero when it comes to regulating the crypto industry," Lee said, underscoring the significance of completing all the tasks related to establishing regulation in the local crypto space. “Transparency and accountability are the two most important values VASPs must safeguard on their journey to building trust. If VASPs fulfill these obligations, they should be able to gain the trust of users. Otherwise, they must bear liability for the consequences,” he added, citing the European Union’s Market in Crypto Asset (MiCA) Regulation as a model example that values transparency and accountability. The MiCA Regulation is currently being discussed by legislators from EU member states.  

As cryptocurrencies increasingly position themselves as a recognized asset class and potential hedge against fiat inflation, illicit activity tied to digital tokens is becoming more visible. A recent high-profile case in the UK has brought this issue into sharp focus, centering on a fraud scheme originating in China. According to BBC News, the case involves Qian Zhimin, a woman who raised funds from more than 100,000 investors in China by claiming to operate a crypto mining company that also develops health products. Instead, she laundered the proceeds and fled the country. On Nov. 11, Qian was sentenced to 11 years and eight months in prison by a UK court.Photo by Vasilis Chatzopoulos on Unsplash$6B fraud and lavish lifestyle​Qian entered Britain on a forged passport in September 2017 and proceeded to live an extravagant lifestyle, renting a mansion in Hampstead for over £17,000 ($22,700) per month. She was arrested in northern England in April 2024, and it was found that she held roughly 61,000 Bitcoin, valued at roughly £5 billion ($6.6 billion), having converted portions of her holdings to cover her substantial living expenses. ​The sheer scale of her wealth was revealed after police searched her rented residence, discovering the Bitcoin reserves on hard drives and laptops. It marks the largest crypto seizure ever recorded in the UK. During the raid, officers also found four other individuals at the property illegally employed to handle household tasks such as shopping, cleaning, and security. ​Since Qian’s arrival in the UK, the value of her Bitcoin holdings has appreciated more than 20-fold. With the fraudster now sentenced, victims are seeing a glimmer of hope for restitution. A civil case scheduled for early next year will determine the fate of the seized assets. However, while many defrauded Chinese investors are reportedly preparing to file claims, establishing a clear paper trail may prove difficult. Many victims routed funds through local intermediaries rather than transferring them directly to Qian’s firm. ​U.S. Bitcoin forfeiture and Beijing’s allegationsWhile the UK courts grapple with the aftermath of Qian’s fraud, a separate crypto controversy is brewing between the U.S. and China, highlighting Beijing's continued vigilance over the sector despite its 2021 ban on trading and mining. According to Cointelegraph, the state-supported National Computer Virus Emergency Response Center (CVERC) has alleged that American authorities are connected to the disappearance of roughly 127,000 Bitcoin, valued at around $14.5 billion, from the LuBian mining pool. ​These allegations surfaced after the U.S. filed a civil forfeiture claim in October against Chen Zhi, the Cambodia-based founder of the Prince Group, who is believed to have owned the assets prior to the breach. At the time of the filing, the U.S. Treasury Department noted that the funds were already under its control. ​CVERC contends that Washington hasn't explained how it accessed the assets. Citing data from analytics firm Arkham, the Chinese agency suggested the funds had been under U.S. control for over a year. They argued that the prolonged inactivity of the Bitcoin before the formal seizure is inconsistent with the typical behavior of hackers seeking quick profit, implying state-level involvement. Economic chess between Washington and BeijingThis matter of Bitcoin control adds a new layer of complexity to U.S.–China relations, even as a trade truce between the two countries took effect on Nov. 10. In a report by CNBC, Washington cut tariffs on China’s fentanyl-linked imports to 10% and extended a reciprocal rate reduction under that agreement. In exchange, Beijing is said to have eased certain restrictions on rare earth exports. Analysts at Morgan Stanley suggest that China is maintaining its export-control regime, implemented in April, to retain strategic leverage. They caution that recurring negotiations and strategic divergence will remain defining features of the evolving bilateral relationship.