Top

Bank of Korea Anticipated to Conduct Retail CBDC Pilot Test

Policy & Regulation·June 30, 2023, 6:04 AM

The Bank of Korea (BOK), the South Korean central bank, is reportedly planning to conduct a pilot test for distributing retail central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) to the general public via commercial banks, according to a report by local news outlet IT Chosun.

Photo by Zequn Gui on Unsplash

 

BOK’s CBDC initiatives

In 2020, the BOK initiated a pilot test for CBDC issuance, establishing a platform for both online and offline payments. Last month, the BOK announced the successful completion of a CBDC simulation to ensure connectivity with commercial banks.

A representative from a commercial bank stated that the BOK would recruit banks next month for a retail CBDC experiment. The pilot test for this retail CBDC is projected to take place next year.

 

Wholesale and retail

The upcoming CBDC pilot test aims to cater to the retail needs of ordinary citizens. There are two types of CBDCs: wholesale CBDCs, which facilitate payments between financial institutions, and retail CBDCs, which are accessible to all economic entities, including the general public.

The successful execution of the retail CBDC pilot test requires close collaboration between the BOK and commercial banks. A banking official highlighted that while the BOK can outline the distribution framework for wholesale CBDCs, it may not be the most suitable entity to design the intricate distribution scheme for retail CBDCs.

Last year, 15 financial institutions, including five commercial banks (KB Kookmin Bank, Shinhan Bank, Hana Bank, Woori Bank, and NongHyup Bank), participated in an inter-institutional CBDC linkage experiment with the BOK. The BOK is expected to select banks from among these participants to design the distribution structure of retail CBDCs and proceed with a pilot test.

 

Speculative timeline

An official from a commercial bank that took part in the BOK’s prior experiment said that the Korean central bank has recently maintained close communication with commercial banks and successfully completed the infrastructure linkage test for CBDCs. The official also mentioned that the retail CBDC test is expected to see its completion this year, potentially enabling the commencement of retail CBDC implementations in the private sector next year.

However, a BOK official expressed a more cautious stance. The official stated that the BOK has recently expanded its digital currency research team and plans to conduct further research in the future. Specific timelines and plans for the retail CBDC test could not be disclosed at this time.

 

Other countries

Different countries have adopted varying approaches to CBDC research and implementation, depending on their economic conditions. Developing nations have been promoting CBDC issuance to facilitate financial inclusion, while developed countries have prioritized the stability of their financial systems.

However, as cash payments decline and private digital currencies continue to proliferate, developed countries are also turning their attention to retail CBDCs. For instance, the Bank of England collaborated with the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to establish and experiment with retail CBDC prototype infrastructure. Similarly, the European Union (EU) has released draft legislation to introduce the digital euro as a legal tender within the Eurozone.

More to Read
View All
Policy & Regulation·

May 12, 2023

MaskEX Gets Initial Regulatory Approval in UAE

MaskEX Gets Initial Regulatory Approval in UAEThe online cryptocurrency trading platform and wallet provider, MaskEX has been given initial regulatory approval by a regulator in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).Photo by Carlos Alberto Gómez Iñiguez on UnsplashThe trading platform received outline approval from the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) in Dubai, where the company is headquartered. While the business has been around since 2021, this first compliance step is significant as it seeks to build and extend its footprint within the UAE and the broader Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region.Regulatory significanceTo say that regulation has lagged the development of crypto assets on a global basis is an understatement. However, the high profile and spectacular crypto business failures in 2022 have really captured the attention of regulators and lawmakers. Many point to inadequate regulation as a key cause of those failures. With that, most regulators recognize that it won’t be acceptable to the broader public to have such a loss impact on ordinary investors in a rerun of the collapses of 2022.VARA has been one of the most proactive regulators in that respect. The Authority has developed a regulatory framework, culminating in its current licensing regimen for crypto businesses. It wouldn’t have been feasible for MaskEX to trade without obtaining regulatory approval.Regulatory actionIn February, VARA issued Open Exchange (OPNX), a platform that specializes in the trading of crypto bankruptcy claims, with a cease and desist order, relative to the establishment of that business in Dubai. Last month, the Regulatory Authority issued an investor alert related to OPNX, warning the investing public that OPNX was not regulated by them and that investing in or using the platform was risky.That culminated with VARA sending OPNXs founders and CEO a formal warning letter. With that sort of action playing out, it’s no surprise that MaskEX has tried to go the compliant route, acquiring that initial approval.The firm is not alone in taking that approach. On May 1, BitOasis, another crypto trading platform headquartered in Dubai, became the first entity to be awarded a broker-dealer license.This milestone event for MaskEX means that it can now complete entity formation, expand its team, secure banking services and generally, open for business. In its application MaskEX requested permission to engage in the activity of acting as an exchange, offer borrowing and lending services, as well as to act as a broker and crypto asset manager.Crypto market to be driven by ME and Central AsiaOn social media on Thursday, MaskEXs VP and Chief Strategy Officer (CSO) Ben Caselin, said that the initial approval forms part of the firm’s application for a Full Market Product (FMP) license. Caselin used the opportunity to post a video offering a sneak peek at the firm’s new Dubai offices. “MaskEX will be the first crypto exchange to publicly disclose their headquarters and even allow the general public to visit,” he said.Speaking at Finoverse Arabia this week, Caselin also said that “the next crypto bull market is once again going to be driven by Asia, and the unsurprising surprise will come from the Middle East and Central Asia.” That’s a prediction that’s being floated by quite a number of industry commentators, and with the US shooting itself in the foot in its approach to digital assets, it sounds like a reasonable prediction.

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Jul 11, 2023

Crypto Exchange Loss Deters Temasek from Investing in Crypto Firms

Crypto Exchange Loss Deters Temasek from Investing in Crypto FirmsSingapore’s state-owned investor Temasek has ruled out investing in crypto companies for now, following a $275 million loss in the bankrupt US crypto exchange FTX.Photo by Plato Terentev on PexelsRegulatory uncertainty concernsTemasek’s Chief Investment Officer Rohit Sipahimalani said in a CNBC interview on Tuesday that the regulatory uncertainty in the crypto sector made it very difficult for the fund to make another investment in an exchange.“There’s a lot of regulatory uncertainty in this environment. And I do think that it will be very difficult for us to make another investment and exchange in the middle of all this regulatory uncertainty,” Sipahimalani said.He added that Temasek was not interested in investing in cryptocurrencies, but rather in exchanges that could generate fee-based revenue without taking balance sheet or trading risks. In May, it was reported that Temasek had invested in algorithmic currency system, Array. However, the global investment company was quick to deny those reports.“We’ve never been looking to invest in cryptocurrencies. Even the investment in FTX, we’ll be talking about investing in an exchange, which allowed us to get fee-based revenue without thinking [of] balance sheet risk or any trading risks,” he said. However, he said that Temasek would not be comfortable investing in exchanges given the way things are right now, and that it would depend on the right regulatory framework and investment opportunity.“If you have the right regulatory framework, and we are comfortable with it, and you have the right investment opportunity, there’s no reason for us to not to look at it,” he said. Temasek’s FTX investment was part of its early-stage investment strategy, where it invests in new disruptive technologies and tries to find the next winners, Sipahimalani said.But the strategy backfired when FTX filed for bankruptcy in November, with more than 1.4 million creditors and billions of dollars in liabilities, according to bankruptcy filings.Reputational damageTemasek wrote down its $275 million investment in FTX to zero soon after the collapse of the exchange. However, the bigger concern for the company is the posting of its worst returns since 2016 amid macroeconomic and geopolitical challenges. In the financial year ending in March 2023, the investing behemoth posted a $7.3 billion loss.The FTX loss sparked criticism from Singapore’s Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Lawrence Wong, who called it “disappointing” and damaging for Singapore’s reputation. And that is the greater issue for Temasek relative to FTX.The amount of that particular loss is not that significant, given the size of the company and the scale of losses incurred elsewhere. The issue has been the reputational damage that the company has experienced as a direct consequence. Temasek maintains that it carried out competent due diligence, as have all of the venture capital investors who have all had their FTX investments wiped out.Further details on that due diligence are likely to emerge as Temasek, alongside many other leading investors in FTX, is being sued by creditors on the basis that they gave credence to what transpired to be a fraud. Temasek announced in May that it would cut the salaries of the staff responsible for the FTX investment, after conducting an internal review of the deal.

news
Web3 & Enterprise·

Nov 21, 2023

NEOPIN and Sevenline Labs collaborate to boost Web3 gaming expansion

NEOPIN and Sevenline Labs collaborate to boost Web3 gaming expansionCentralized decentralized finance (CeDeFi) protocol NEOPIN has entered into a partnership with Sevenline Labs, a Korea-based company specializing in blockchain solutions. This collaboration is aimed at fostering expansion in the Web3 gaming ecosystem.Photo by Alicia Christin Gerald on UnsplashGames of different genres and platformsSevenline Labs is currently operating a Web3-powered esports tournament platform called Miracle Play. Leveraging application programming interfaces (APIs), the platform offers games of different platforms of genres on blockchain networks. It enables mobile, desktop, console and Web3 gamers to engage in diverse tournaments and earn rewards from competitions.Sevenline’s inaugural service, operating on the Polygon Network, has successfully completed a closed beta test specifically targeted at Indonesian communities. Currently, the company is in the process of conducting an open beta test. Looking ahead, Sevenline is planning to extend its support to various chains compatible with Ethereum virtual machines (EVMs). This expansion includes notable blockchain platforms such as Avalanche, Binance Smart Chain, Oasys, Solana and Klaytn. The ultimate objective of Sevenline is to orchestrate large-scale tournaments between different mainnets, with each of them representing a distinct faction.Through the collaboration between NEOPIN and Sevenline Labs, NEOPIN’s global partners will introduce their Web3 games to the Miracle Play platform. This move allows users to voluntarily host and participate in various tournaments, thereby enhancing the visibility and popularity of these games. Concurrently, Web3 gaming companies that have formed partnerships with Sevenline will be incorporated into the NEOPIN ecosystem.Native tokens to be supportedThe integration of the NEOPIN wallet with Miracle Play is a strategic move that aims to attract a global user base, particularly those who have completed Know Your Customer (KYC) and Anti-Money Laundering (AML) checks. This strategy presents a win-win scenario for both NEOPIN and Miracle Play. NEOPIN benefits by gaining access to a dedicated community of Web3 gamers who will actively organize and partake in tournaments on the Miracle Play platform. In return, Miracle Play taps into the decentralized finance (DeFi) user base associated with NEOPIN. Furthermore, both platforms plan to support their native tokens — the NEOPIN (NPT) token and the Miracle Play (MPT) token in the future.Ethan Kim, CEO of NEOPIN, expressed that the partnership will be beneficial in three aspects: attracting Web3 gaming partners, acquiring mutual users and expediting the adoption of the Web3 gaming ecosystem. He emphasized NEOPIN’s commitment to accelerating the global expansion of the NEOPIN ecosystem through these strategic efforts in promoting the Web3 gaming sector.

news
Loading