Bybit Powers Trading Tools via ChatGPT Integration

Bank of Japan Publishes Results of CBDC PoCThe Bank of Japan (BoJ) recently concluded the second phase of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) proof of concept (PoC) project, which began in April. The results of this phase were published on Monday, and they shed light on key aspects such as the comparison between account-based and token-based CBDCs and the management of holding limits for users with multiple accounts.Photo by Manuel Cosentino on UnsplashToken-based CBDCsThe experiments conducted by the central bank covered a wide range of topics. Among the most intriguing findings were the advantages and disadvantages of token-based CBDCs and how to effectively impose holding limits for users with multiple CBDC balances.Token-based CBDCs have garnered interest from various central banks, with some adopting the UTXO token model used by Bitcoin without the use of a distributed ledger. A UTXO or unspent transaction output, defines where a blockchain transaction starts and finishes. The Bank of Japan explored this model and analyzed its pros and cons.In the initial proof of concept, both account-based and token-based CBDCs were examined, considering scenarios where the central bank managed the ledger or shared it with intermediaries like banks. In the token-based model, fixed token denominations were used, similar to physical cash in countries like India, and a centralized ledger was employed. However, in the recent phase, the central bank utilized flexible value tokens similar to UTXO and shared ledger functions with intermediaries.The Bank of Japan favored the flexible value token model due to its ability to handle multiple requests simultaneously. However, it acknowledged that this model may require more technical resources compared to the account-based approach. Challenges may arise when implementing additional functions, such as holding limits, while maintaining optimal performance. The European Central Bank (ECB) also noted in a recent report that most payment providers are accustomed to account-based payments and would incur costs to adapt to token-based systems.Another significant aspect explored by the BoJ was how to impose holding limits when users have multiple CBDC balances through different intermediaries. The challenge lies in determining if the overall holding limit has been breached without compromising user privacy.Homomorphic encryptionOne possible solution discussed in the report is the use of homomorphic encryption, which enables computations to be performed on encrypted data without it first needing to be decrypted. That allows for the necessary checks without intermediaries accessing the specific data being checked. Although this solution may slightly increase processing time, it could introduce a higher risk of data inconsistencies.Alternatively, a simpler approach proposed by the central bank is to establish a per-account holding limit and a limit on the number of accounts a single user can hold, rather than imposing global limits. Ideally, users with multiple accounts would have a higher per-account holding limit compared to those with fewer accounts.Phase 3 underwayWith the next pilot phase already underway, the BoJ aims to test the end-to-end process flow and identify challenges related to integrating with external systems. Additionally, they are creating a CBDC Forum to gather input from the private sector, ensuring a collaborative approach to CBDC development.While investigation and research into CBDCs continues, the BoJ has said that it will make a final decision on CBDC implementation by 2026.

Phoenix Group adjusts public trading launch dateWhile experiencing a considerable over-subscription during its pre-market sale on Nov. 21, Dubai-headquartered crypto mining firm Phoenix Group has had to announce a slight delay to its initial public offering (IPO) on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange (ADX).Photo by David Rodrigo on UnsplashAccounting for the UAE holiday scheduleIn an announcement published on Tuesday, Phoenix Group revealed that it would list its shares on Dec. 5 instead of the initially planned Dec. 4. The adjustment is attributed to the public holidays declared for the United Arab Emirates (UAE) National Day, celebrated on Dec. 2. The day marks the formation of the UAE, and the Ministry of Human Resources and Emiratisation has designated Dec. 2, 3 and 4 as public holidays for the private sector.“To honor this occasion and ensure comprehensive participation in the IPO, Phoenix Group PLC has rescheduled its listing date to December 5th, 2023,” the announcement states.IPO oversubscriptionAs advised by the company earlier this month, Phoenix Group achieved a successful closure of its IPO on Nov. 18, experiencing an over-subscription of 33 times the available share offering. The offering of 907,323,529 shares witnessed overwhelming demand, with retail investors oversubscribing 180 times and professional investors contributing to a 22-fold over-subscription.Discussions regarding the IPO launch in the UAE have been underway since at least July of this year, although public knowledge of the company’s intentions only became known in recent weeks.Speaking about the objective of the recent public listing, the company’s co-founders, Bijan Alizadeh and Munaf Ali, wrote:“Our aim is to be able to help create a more resilient, inclusive and diversified global blockchain economy, and this IPO is just the first step towards achieving that goal.”725MW mining capacityThe UAE-based mining operator is in the process of developing one of the largest mining facilities in the Middle East. Founded in 2016, the firm now manages 725MW of mining capacity globally, with facilities in the U.S., Canada, Europe and the Middle East.In August, it emerged that Phoenix is a key stakeholder in the development of a $300 million 150MW mining farm project which will be located at the Green Data City in the Omani capital, Muscat.Abu Dhabi-based conglomerate International Holding Company (IHC) acquired a ten percent stake in Phoenix in October. Co-founder Bijan Alizadeh is also a co-founder of M2, an Abu Dhabi-based cryptocurrency exchange that recently received a Multilateral Trading Facility and custodian license from the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM).IPO activityComing off the back of a bear market, IPO activity has been scarce within the crypto space recently. That said, it emerged recently that South Korean cryptocurrency exchange Bithumb is working towards an IPO which it hopes to complete in the second half of 2025. Meanwhile, Ripple Labs has delayed its IPO plans due to regulatory challenges the company is currently dealing with in the U.S. Earlier this month, it emerged that USDC stablecoin issuer, Circle, is looking to launch an IPO in 2024.As Phoenix Group readies itself for public trading, the adjusted launch date aligns with the company’s strategy to maximize participation and capitalize on the UAE’s crypto-friendly environment.

At the end of last month, social derivatives trading platform ZKX, a protocol that runs on the Ethereum-centric Starknet layer-2 network, shut down blindsiding the project’s stakeholders. That event has led to Singapore-headquartered digital assets firm Amber Group speaking out, calling for cryptocurrency projects to be more accountable and transparent going forward. Not economically viableNews of the project shutdown emerged when ZKX founder Eduard Jubany Tur took to X on July 30 to outline the discontinuation of the protocol. Tur claimed that the project was “unable to find an economically viable path for the protocol.” In a long-form post, the ZKX founder outlined that user engagement had been minimal, resulting in disappointing trading volumes. By extension, Tur claimed that revenues didn’t come anywhere close to covering cloud server expenses. “The market is undervaluing the work done and infrastructure built by appchains and dApps coming from ecosystems like ours,” Tur added. Pseudonymous blockchain sleuth ZachXBT had a different take on the matter, claiming that the shutdown represented a rug pull. Amber Group chimed in on the subject on X on Aug. 3. Amber suggested that it wouldn’t break any contractual non-disclosure obligations it had with regard to ZKX but that aside, the firm took the opportunity to share its perspective more broadly in an effort to promote transparency.Photo by Markus Spiske on PexelsAmber Group criticismAmber Group criticized the ZKX team on the basis of a lack of transparency. It stated: “The last update we received was on July 30, when the project announced the cessation of operations. This decision was made without prior communication, highlighting the importance of transparency in our industry.” Staying with that theme, it claimed that clear communication and transparency are essential for fostering trust and collaboration within the crypto community, and that such principles would guide future projects. Amber Group had acted as a market maker relative to the ZKX project. It borrowed and purchased ZKX tokens in support of the launch of the token and in an effort to support token liquidity post-launch. It had secured two million ZKX tokens from the open market, with its overall holding totaling three million ZKX tokens. Project investor HashKey Capital also took to the X social media platform on the subject. Like Amber Group it too criticized the ZKX project for its lack of accountability and transparency. It described the project’s reluctance to communicate as “disappointing,” while it asserted that Tur’s handling of the situation had been “regrettable.” Ye Su, founding partner at ArkStream Capital, expressed a similar complaint, stating on X that “when ZKX shut down, as investors, we got zero heads-up.” He also singled out Tur, claiming that “Edward took the money from early supporters without any communication, showing no moral standards and losing his right to future entrepreneurship in the industry.”