Bank of Korea and Samsung Team Up for Offline CBDC Research

OKX collaborates with Polygon Labs on layer-2 network launchSeychelles-incorporated OKX, one of the world’s largest cryptocurrency exchanges, has collaborated with blockchain development firm Polygon Labs to unveil the testnet for its latest zero-knowledge layer-2 network, named “X1.”Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashIntroducing “X1”The company announced initial details on X1 via a press release published on Tuesday. This Ethereum-based ZK network has been constructed using the Polygon Chain Development Kit (CDK), with OKX playing a pivotal role as a core contributor to the CDK. Substantial engineering resources are being invested by OKX to strengthen the Ethereum scaling solution.The new network will serve to bolster the utility of OKX's native token, OKB. OKB will be used for X1’s gas fees. There has been a lot of chatter about the utility of exchange tokens following the collapse of FTX, as that platform was over-reliant on its native token in propping up the exchange. Similarly, critics are speculating that a comparable dynamic may be at play at Binance, relative to its native token BNB.Likely buoyed by news of this development, OKB observed a 10% unit price increase on Tuesday. However, that move has retraced downwards in the meantime.ZK proof technologyX1 has been designed with ZK proofs, a method through which one party can convince another that a particular claim is true without disclosing details of the claim itself. In this way, X1 ensures high security and scalability while mitigating transaction costs. The network seamlessly aligns with Ethereum, facilitating the secure deployment of EVM-based dApps and connectivity with a wide array of smart contracts, wallets and tools. OKX underscores X1’s status as its new native network.Chief Innovation Officer of OKX, Jason Lau, expressed optimism about X1, deeming it integral to the firm’s efforts in guiding users into the realm of Web3. Lau emphasized the scalability and accessibility of X1, especially for developers who can leverage it to construct user-friendly Web3 applications while maintaining interoperability with other networks.The collaboration with Polygon Labs marks another milestone in the evolution of Polygon’s CDK. Launched in August, the CDK enables the development of layer-2 blockchains on Ethereum, emphasizing zero-knowledge proofs. Networks deployed using the CDK gain the ability to connect to a shared ZK bridge, fostering interoperability.Sandeep Nailwal, co-founder of Polygon, underscored the significance of X1’s adoption of Polygon CDK technology, envisioning a future where CDK-deployed chains interoperate and coexist within a larger network of ZK-powered layer 2s in the Polygon CDK ecosystem. The CDK has gained traction, with various Layer 2s, including Immutable zkEVM, IDEX, Palm Network and Astar zkEVM, currently in development using this technology.Industry trendA trend is developing among crypto exchange platforms and their involvement in establishing layer two networks. Earlier this year, U.S. crypto platform Coinbase introduced the Base network, an Ethereum layer-2 network that focuses on offering a safe, low-cost and developer-friendly mechanism to build on-chain.Last week, it emerged that another leading U.S.-based crypto platform, Kraken, is on the lookout for a development partner to enable it in building out its own layer-2 blockchain network. According to those reports, it’s understood that Kraken is considering partnering with Polygon Labs, Matter Labs or the Nil Foundation.As this OKX-Polygon Labs collaboration progresses, the industry will continue to observe how X1, with its innovative technology stack and seamless integration with Ethereum, contributes towards broader Web3 development.

Sleek Secures $5M seed funding to propel Web3 social networking offeringHong Kong-based startup Sleek has successfully raised $5 million in seed funding to advance its Web3 social networking platform, aiming to further the ownership economy and introduce blockchain-powered social media accessible to a broad audience.Photo by micheile henderson on UnsplashIncentivized networking through ‘SocialFi’Officially launched in April of this year, Sleek aspires to reshape human connections by simplifying networking, infusing a sense of fun and fostering productivity. The platform provides users with an expansive environment where they can exchange information, connect with new contacts and participate in incentivized networking through innovative Web3 social finance (SocialFi) business models.In essence, SocialFi employs blockchain technology with the objective of monetizing social interactions. The concept has come to broader attention in recent months as a consequence of the emergence of Friend.tech, a novel way for creators to monetize content, by way of tokenizing attention. Sleek enables users to directly monetize their content and social capital, emerging as a new generation of creators within the Web3 landscape. Sleek Co-Founder Chase Guo explained to The Block how it differs from other Web3 social networks:“Most of the time, this strategy [bootstrapping a platform using tokens or incentives] does not result in unique content generation and sustainable growth. People are here for the airdrop and leave once they cash out. Sleek took a very different approach — build a real use case first with die-hard fans.”Sleek CardAt the forefront of Sleek’s offerings is its flagship product, Sleek Card, specifically designed to empower Web3 professionals in face-to-face networking. Each Sleek Card generates a blockchain wallet and a decentralized identity for users, streamlining the onboarding process into the Web3 space.Utilizing NFC technology and a proprietary messaging bot, Sleek Card allows users to capture data and manage contacts, resulting in robust on-chain social graphs. Notably, Sleek Card has facilitated over 300,000 connections, establishing itself as a key player in the Web3 landscape. The platform has also formed strategic partnerships with prominent entities such as Solana Hacker Houses, Coinfest, Digital Art Fair and NFTNow, bringing innovative event experiences to life.Both of the startup’s founders spoke about the body of work Sleek is involved in. Co-Founder Tania Tse stated:“We are launching monetization models in our platform that are only possible through the blockchain, so talented creators from various verticals who don’t have a full team supporting them can earn sustainably.”Chase Guo added: “Leveraging our own experiences and lessons learned, we are building applications alongside our users to power the future of Web3 social.”Looking ahead, Sleek plans to unveil an open marketplace in the first half of 2024, empowering domain experts to become creators by tokenizing their knowledge into liquid and accessible assets. This strategic move aligns with Sleek’s vision for a more equitable, user-centric and transparent digital social landscape.Broad industry backingSleek’s investor roster includes well-known names such as Shima Capital, Spartan Group, Symbolic Capital, Genblock Capital, Big Brain Holdings, Market Across, Emirates Consortium, Arkstream, Perridon, GBV and various angel investors. Notably, Binance Labs, the venture capital arm of Binance, invested in Sleek through the Binance Labs Incubation Program in 2022.

Hong Kong unveils comprehensive tokenization regulationsChristopher Hui, Hong Kong’s Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury, shared a roadmap for upcoming regulations within the tokenization sector during his address at the Hong Kong Fintech Week 2023.Photo by Simon Zhu on UnsplashJPEX no hindrance to Web3 growthHui’s announcement at the event on Thursday comes on the heels of the JPEX scandal, a Dubai-based crypto exchange that collapsed amid allegations of having defrauded Hong Kong-based platform users. Hui emphatically stated that the JPEX incident would not deter Hong Kong’s commitment to expanding the Web3 market. Hui stated:“We’ve been asked many times whether JPEX will affect our determination to grow the Web3 market — the answer is a clear ‘no.’”In June, Hong Kong implemented new regulations for cryptocurrency exchanges, opening up locally regulated crypto trading services to retail customers via virtual asset service providers (VASPs). However, the majority of the forthcoming regulatory efforts will extend beyond the crypto sector, focusing on areas such as token issuance, wallets and other related components.Regulatory impact on TradFi and DeFiHui indicated the intention to expand virtual asset regulations, suggesting a potential impact on decentralized finance (DeFi). The planned regulations within the tokenization domain are poised to influence not only the crypto industry but also traditional finance (TradFi).These regulations include the issuance of a circular concerning intermediaries engaging in tokenized securities. Additionally, they entail a circular regarding the tokenization of Securities and Futures Commission (SFC)-authorized investment products. Lastly, they’re inclusive of consultations with banks on digital asset custody services with the involvement of the banking regulator. Furthermore, a joint consultation on stablecoin regulations will be issued by the Treasury and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA).Focus on positive impact of tokenizationEddie Yue, CEO of the HKMA, echoed Hui’s sentiments by discussing the positive impact of tokenization. He anticipates that tokenization will fuel the adoption of blockchain payments, particularly involving stablecoins and tokenized deposits. Yue believes that central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) will serve as the foundation and a crucial element for achieving interoperability within this ecosystem.He emphasized the need to tackle crucial questions, such as the legal definitions of tokenized securities and whether Delivery versus Payment (DvP) can be successfully implemented for tokenized securities. Additionally, Yue pointed out the intricate legal considerations and interoperability challenges that are currently being discussed within the central bank community.First tokenized green bond issuanceYue also highlighted Hong Kong’s first-of-its-kind issuance of tokenized green bonds in February and revealed that discussions with the industry are already underway for the next bond.“We, ourselves, assisted the government to issue the world’s first-ever tokenized government green bond earlier this year in order to demonstrate the compatibility of Hong Kong’s legal and regulatory environment with this very new issuance format,” he stated. However, despite the promising outlook, Yue remained grounded on the subject, acknowledging the significant challenges in the tokenization landscape.In a related development, HSBC recently disclosed that it is conducting experiments with tokenized deposits in collaboration with Ant Group as part of the HKMA sandbox.