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Bank of Korea and Samsung Team Up for Offline CBDC Research

Policy & Regulation·May 15, 2023, 6:52 AM

In a move aimed at advancing central bank digital currency (CBDC) technology, the Bank of Korea (BOK) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Samsung Electronics on Monday, according to a press release. The agreement was sealed during a signing ceremony attended by Lee Seung-heon, BOK’s Senior Deputy Governor, and Choi Won-joon, Executive Vice President and Head of Development in the Mobile Experience (MX) Division at Samsung Electronics.

Under the terms of the MoU, both parties have committed to ongoing research on CBDC issued by the Bank of Korea, with a specific focus on collaboration in the offline payment sector. Samsung Electronics had previously participated in the second phase of the CBDC simulation study conducted by the BOK last year.

Photo by Aleksandar Pasaric on Pexels

 

CBDC without Internet

The company’s efforts have led to the development of an offline CBDC technology that facilitates transfers and payments via near-field communication (NFC) between devices without requiring an internet connection. These transactions are conducted within the embedded secure element (eSE) chip of Samsung Electronics’ mobile devices, which holds one of the highest levels of security certification, CC EAL 6+.

The Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) is a numeric grading system that measures the security level of tech products and systems according to the Common Criteria (CC) security standard. It ranges from EAL0 to EAL7, with EAL7 representing the highest level of security.

Leveraging this technology, the BOK and Samsung will continue their joint research to enhance security in offline payments using Samsung Galaxy smartphones and watches. Additionally, they aim to provide support for stable payments in situations where network connectivity is disrupted, such as during disasters.

 

Growing interest in CBDCs

Given the global interest in CBDCs, with central banks worldwide exploring their potential, the research collaboration between the BOK and Samsung assumes great significance. The results of this partnership will guide further cooperative efforts to develop the international CBDC ecosystem.

BOK Senior Deputy Governor Lee Seung-heon emphasized the significance of the joint achievement, expressing optimism that the partnership would keep Korea at the forefront of offline CBDC technology.

Samsung’s Executive Vice President Choi Won-joon underscored that the company’s collaboration with the Korean central bank allowed Samsung to utilize its advanced security technology in digital currency. He expected their combined efforts would considerably contribute to the global development of CBDC technology.

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Policy & Regulation·

Sep 13, 2023

Compliance and Cooperation — A Necessary Formula for Combatting Crypto Crimes

Compliance and Cooperation — A Necessary Formula for Combatting Crypto CrimesFrom common scams like voice phishing to threats of violence, the involvement of cryptocurrencies in crimes against the general public is steadily on the rise both in South Korea and abroad.Photo by Bermix Studio on UnsplashAccording to blockchain data analysis firm Chainalysis, the scale of cryptocurrency-related crimes and hacking on a global scale has decreased by 45.2% and 23.5%, respectively, compared to last year. However, financial losses resulting from smaller ransomware attacks, including phishing scams, are showing an upward trend.Authorities and industry figures alike are increasingly emphasizing the need for close cooperation to combat this growing issue, as existing regulations and legal frameworks remain insufficient to do so.Chainalysis and crypto exchange Binance co-hosted a policy summit in Seoul on Tuesday called “Securing the Future of Crypto,” where experts gathered at the Courtyard Marriott hotel to discuss compliance and cooperation between the public and private sectors in fighting crypto crimes.Challenges and complexities in crypto investigations“The Korean National Police Agency receives dozens of reports of financial losses and urgent requests for account freezes every day, with 80% of them pertaining to Binance,” said Kim Min-jae, an investigator at the National Police Agency’s International Cyber Cooperation Division.Citing a recent case of a voice phishing scam targeting a woman in her 60s, Kim said that authorities were able to proceed with the investigation within 30 minutes after receiving information from the exchange. However, addressing crimes beyond large cryptocurrency exchanges like Binance, such as those involving decentralized finance (DeFi) systems or foreign exchanges, poses a more difficult challenge due to the lack of proper measures to deal with them.Lee Soo-pyeong, a cybercrime investigator at the Korean National Police Agency’s Cyber Investigation Division, also noted that although domestic cases are relatively easier to investigate, there have been many cases — such as the appalling Nth Room case that caused an uproar throughout Korea in 2020 — that involved overseas accounts and exchanges.Steps for effective crime controlWhat measures, then, should authorities and corporations take in order to deal with such issues? Lee stressed the importance of cooperation among international judicial bodies and adherence from businesses to enhance the response to increasingly sophisticated crypto crimes.Know Your Customer (KYC) standards — the guidelines used in investment and financial services to verify customers’ identities and assess their risk and financial profiles — play an important role in this regard. However, “There are no platforms yet, including major exchanges like Binance, that provide us with personal information through KYC measures when funds are laundered,” Kim explained. He expressed hopes for a system jointly established by relevant entities, including local exchanges, that will enable swift criminal investigation.Lee also highlighted the importance of compliance from foreign companies, stating, “While it’s possible to request mutual legal assistance in criminal matters from the International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol), active cooperation from foreign companies is essential.”From an international point of view, Jarek Jakubcek, Head of Intelligence and Investigations APAC at Binance, pointed out that upholding international standards and standardized processes is important, given the fact that crypto crimes transcend borders. While some countries excel in compliance and enforcing anti-money laundering (AML) policies, others fall short, leading criminals to exploit these disparities.Recently, there have been criminals who move their funds through blockchain networks. The development of bridge technology, which facilitates cross-chain asset transfers, has led to laundering techniques becoming more and more sophisticated. However, he assured that tracing funds is still possible, although doing so has become harder than before.The amalgamation of these circumstances has thereby ushered in the era of Know Your Transaction (KYT). While exchanges have traditionally been obligated to perform Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures to prevent money laundering, they must now go beyond verifying user information and analyze customer transaction data in order to understand where money is coming from and how it flows, Jakubcek said. To achieve this, he argued, they must request information from users and work with on-chain data analysis solution companies like Chainalysis to secure real transaction data. Alec Zebrick, Manager of Investigations in the Asia-Pacific region at Chainalysis, added that leveraging on-chain data allows the verification of most transactions.In the rapidly evolving crypto landscape where crimes are still a force to deal with, experts agree that reinforcing compliance and cooperation between exchanges and authorities is imperative.

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Markets·

May 04, 2023

Audius Achieves Token Listing On India’s CoinSwitch

Audius Achieves Token Listing On India’s CoinSwitchAudius, a decentralized music streaming platform which is attempting to cut intermediaries out of the music business, took a major leap forward in the Asian market on Wednesday, scoring a listing of its native $AUDIO token on Indian crypto exchange, CoinSwitch.Photo by Studio Art Smile on PexelsIn announcing the token going live on the platform CoinSwitch encouraged platform users to “trade $AUDIO today and support independent artists worldwide.” Founded in the United States in 2018 by Stanford University graduates Forrest Browning and Roneil Rumberg, the project launched its $AUDIO token in 2020.The token commenced trading on top tier global crypto exchanges shortly afterwards. In terms of listings on Asian exchanges, $AUDIO can be traded on DigitFinex Global, Bitrue and BingX in Singapore, HitBTC and Hotbit in Hong Kong and Tokocrypto and INDODAX in Indonesia. While it is already listed on WazirX, India’s largest crypto exchange by trading volume, the project will welcome another Indian listing via CoinSwitch given a market that ranks sixth in the world in terms of crypto ownership, with a backdrop of a population of 1.4 billion.Web3 with a Web2 UXAudius has taken a different approach than most other crypto projects. From the outset, its founders have focused on giving the platform the look and feel of a Web2 streaming service. Audius decided to embed its non-custodial wallet Hedgehog into the user login process.The strategy has been to make the UX as customer friendly and intuitive as possible in order to aid user on-boarding. There have been trade-offs in taking this approach and with that, the project advises users to keep only a small amount of the $AUDIO token within the Hedgehog wallet. When Hedgehog was launched in 2019, a project blog post proclaimed that “decentralization doesn’t have to come at the expense of user experience.”TikTok integrationEarlier this year, the Web3 streaming service integrated TikTok, allowing platform users to create accounts simply by linking their TikTok profiles. Additionally, the integration meant that users could share their Audius songs in the TikTok videos they produced.In late January, the $AUDIO token jumped 70% in a matter of hours once it became known that Coinbase planned to list the token on January 26. While a CoinSwitch listing is a significant milestone for the project in the Indian market, naturally it doesn’t compare with the volume that a global exchange listing on Coinbase can bring. At the time of publication, the $AUDIO token was trading at $0.29.For its part, CoinSwitch has experienced many of the ups and downs that this nascent industry could possibly deliver. In August 2022, five properties associated with the crypto exchange were searched by India’s Enforcement Directorate on the grounds of suspected contravention of India’s Foreign Exchange Management Act (FEMA).Founded in 2017 by Ashish Singhal, Govind Soni and Vimal Sagar Tiwari, the firm has attracted investment and backing from Andreessen Horowitz, Coinbase Ventures, Tiger Global Management and Paradigm.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Aug 11, 2023

KONKRIT NFT Platform Offers Exclusive Reservation Tickets for Hyundai Card’s Cultural Festival

KONKRIT NFT Platform Offers Exclusive Reservation Tickets for Hyundai Card’s Cultural FestivalModern Lion, an NFT marketplace operator in South Korea, recently announced that its NFT trading platform KONKRIT has the exclusive privilege of offering reservation tickets to the upcoming Davinci Motel festival. This cultural event is organized by Hyundai Card, the nation’s renowned credit card company.Distinguished artists and speakersScheduled from September 15 to 17 in Itaewon, Seoul, the Davinci Motel festival will feature performances by distinguished Korean artists. Among them are K-pop singer Lee Hyo-ri, crossover vocal ensemble LA POEM, violinist Park Soe-ye, and pianist Kim Hong-gi.Additionally, attendees will have the chance to engage with NFT artist Tom Sachs as he shares insights pertaining to his artworks. Meanwhile, former LPGA golfer Annika Sorenstam will give tips on hitting the sweet spot and former anchor and current TV personality Jeon Hyun-moo will offer intriguing perspectives on his life’s journey.NFTs as ticketsReservation tickets are available for purchase in the form of NFT on the KONKRIT app. The utilization of blockchain technology within this system serves to address persistent problems associated with concert ticketing, such as ticketing bots, unauthorized resales, and illicit secondary markets.Modern Lion allows customers to use a credit card to buy NFT tickets, reducing purchase barriers and facilitating easier access to the show.Lee Ji-hun, Managing Director at Modern Lion, noted that the company has leveraged blockchain technology to tackle ticketing issues and ensure a seamless experience for customers throughout the entire journey of the event, from ticket purchasing to performance enjoyment. Lee underscored Modern Lion’s dedication to enhancing user satisfaction by integrating Web3 technology into the KONKRIT app.

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