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Bank of Korea and Samsung Team Up for Offline CBDC Research

Policy & Regulation·May 15, 2023, 6:52 AM

In a move aimed at advancing central bank digital currency (CBDC) technology, the Bank of Korea (BOK) signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Samsung Electronics on Monday, according to a press release. The agreement was sealed during a signing ceremony attended by Lee Seung-heon, BOK’s Senior Deputy Governor, and Choi Won-joon, Executive Vice President and Head of Development in the Mobile Experience (MX) Division at Samsung Electronics.

Under the terms of the MoU, both parties have committed to ongoing research on CBDC issued by the Bank of Korea, with a specific focus on collaboration in the offline payment sector. Samsung Electronics had previously participated in the second phase of the CBDC simulation study conducted by the BOK last year.

Photo by Aleksandar Pasaric on Pexels

 

CBDC without Internet

The company’s efforts have led to the development of an offline CBDC technology that facilitates transfers and payments via near-field communication (NFC) between devices without requiring an internet connection. These transactions are conducted within the embedded secure element (eSE) chip of Samsung Electronics’ mobile devices, which holds one of the highest levels of security certification, CC EAL 6+.

The Evaluation Assurance Level (EAL) is a numeric grading system that measures the security level of tech products and systems according to the Common Criteria (CC) security standard. It ranges from EAL0 to EAL7, with EAL7 representing the highest level of security.

Leveraging this technology, the BOK and Samsung will continue their joint research to enhance security in offline payments using Samsung Galaxy smartphones and watches. Additionally, they aim to provide support for stable payments in situations where network connectivity is disrupted, such as during disasters.

 

Growing interest in CBDCs

Given the global interest in CBDCs, with central banks worldwide exploring their potential, the research collaboration between the BOK and Samsung assumes great significance. The results of this partnership will guide further cooperative efforts to develop the international CBDC ecosystem.

BOK Senior Deputy Governor Lee Seung-heon emphasized the significance of the joint achievement, expressing optimism that the partnership would keep Korea at the forefront of offline CBDC technology.

Samsung’s Executive Vice President Choi Won-joon underscored that the company’s collaboration with the Korean central bank allowed Samsung to utilize its advanced security technology in digital currency. He expected their combined efforts would considerably contribute to the global development of CBDC technology.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Oct 06, 2023

XPLA to Bring The Walking Dead: All-Stars to Mainnet

XPLA to Bring The Walking Dead: All-Stars to MainnetXPLA, the blockchain gaming platform operated by South Korean gaming company Com2uS Group, has announced that it will onboard Com2uS Holdings’ mobile collectible role-playing game (RPG), The Walking Dead: All-Stars.Photo by Rebekah Yip on UnsplashBringing a fan-favorite story to the gaming worldThe Walking Dead: All-Stars is based on the globally renowned “The Walking Dead” comics, leveraging the global intellectual property owned by Skybound Entertainment. It has received acclaim for its post-apocalyptic setting, characterized by captivating artwork that captures the ambiance of the original comics. Robert Kirkman, author of the comics and Chairman of Skybound Entertainment, has been directly involved in overseeing the project, earning support from fans of the series. The game has also been labeled as an Editors’ Choice app on Google Play.“The Walking Dead: All-Stars vividly brings to life the illustrations of the original comics, which triggered a global zombie craze. We will bring new forms of fun centered around in-game ownership for users worldwide within XPLA’s Web3 ecosystem, ” said Son Kyung-hyun, CEO of FunFlow, the Com2uS subsidiary that developed the game in collaboration with Skybound Games.The Web3 update for the game is scheduled to take place later this month, XPLA said. Users who connect their crypto wallets to the game will be able to collect in-game items and exchange them for XPLA, the platform’s native token, allowing players to own and utilize the assets that they have acquired in the game. Currently, the XPLA token is actively traded on global crypto exchanges such as Crypto.com, Gate.io, and HTX (formerly Huobi Global), as well as major domestic exchanges like Bithumb, Korbit, and GOPAX.Building the game lineupXPLA has been continuously onboarding Web3 games based on hit IPs, such as action RPG Summoners War: Chronicles, casual game MiniGame Party, fishing game Ace Fishing: Crew, and massively multiplayer online RPG (MMORPG) Idle Ninja Online, establishing itself as a global Web3 content hub centered around gaming and entertainment.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Apr 10, 2023

Major Korean Crypto Exchanges Strengthen on NFT Projects Despite Crypto Winter

Major Korean Crypto Exchanges Strengthen on NFT Projects Despite Crypto WinterDespite crypto winter, major Korean cryptocurrency exchanges Upbit and Bithumb strengthened on staff and included new non-fungible token (NFT) projects.US Tightening Policy Effects on Crypto MarketAccording to the electronic disclosure system operated by the Financial Supervisory Service, Upbit’s operator Dunamu saw a net income of 130.8 billion won last year, down by 94% from 2.21 trillion won. Bithumb also experienced a decline of 85% from 648.4 billion won to 95.4 billion won. This downturn is reportedly attributed to the tightening monetary policy by the US and weaker market sentiment on risky assets.Insights on Korean NFT MarketBoth exchanges, Upbit and Bithumb, having seen meager profitability in crypto trading, recruited more talent to embark on NFT projects. However, the picture is not so rosy for these new endeavors, considering the tepid NFT trade volume. According to The Block, the NFT trade volume last month reached $983.4 billion, which is lower than $1.4 trillion, the previous month’s record.The NFT trade volume on Upbit last month also experienced year-on-year and month-on-month decreases of 48.6% and 14.5%, respectively.Last week, Dunamu CEO Sirgoo Lee said in a shareholders’ meeting that its NFT projects are underachieving and that he is reconsidering the new projects from scratch. He added that Dunamu will build a solid foundation in Korea while promoting global businesses starting from the US through Levvels, a blockchain-based platform jointly established by Dunamu and the entertainment company HYBE.Outlook on the Korean MarketBithumb, on the other hand, will bolster new projects through Bithumb Meta and Rotonda. Bithumb Meta recently launched the beta service of its original metaverse Naemo Market where users can use NFTs to decorate their own personal digital space. Rotonda released Burrito Wallet last February to allow waller holders to store NFTs, cryptocurrencies, and fiat currencies.Meanwhile, there was a mixed outlook on the Korean crypto market. One person said in an interview with Hankooki that greater workforces in the country’s leading crypto exchanges could suggest the market’s growth, but also pointed out that their bigger sizes might hinder them from maneuvering when faced with other unexpected risks.

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Policy & Regulation·

Oct 24, 2025

U.S.-sanctioned Huione Group suspected of supporting crypto transactions in Korea

A Cambodia-headquartered financial group recently cut off from the U.S. financial system is suspected of having operated in South Korea, raising fresh questions about cross-border crypto and currency flows tied to the group. According to the Dong-A Ilbo, which cited data from the Korea Customs Service (KCS), Huione Group—now sanctioned by the U.S. Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN)—appears to have run a currency exchange in Seoul from 2018 to July 2024. The outlet reported that a banner on the premises displayed a logo identical to Huione’s, prompting suspicions about its ownership and control.Photo by Aleksandar Pasaric on PexelsTies to North Korean hackersThe exchange reported conducting roughly $20,000 in annual currency conversions during that period, excluding cryptocurrency transactions. The timeline overlaps with a period in which Huione Group reportedly received $150,000 in cryptocurrency from the North Korean hacking group Lazarus.  Connections also extend to Cambodia. Panda Bank—a local lender that shares a building with Huione subsidiaries—supports USDT transactions originating from South Korea. Panda Bank director He Yanming is listed as the owner of Huione Crypto, a virtual asset service provider (VASP), suggesting potential links between operations in Seoul and Phnom Penh. These developments come against the backdrop of a U.S. investigation disclosed in May, in which FinCEN said Huione’s business networks, including payments arm Huione Pay, collectively laundered at least $4 billion in illicit proceeds between August 2021 and January 2025. Crypto used in $2.6B illegal conversionsMeanwhile, recent KCS data also shows a rise in illegal currency conversions involving cryptocurrency by foreign nationals. The Korea Economic Daily reported conversions totaling 432 billion won ($302 million) in 2021, climbing to 836 billion won ($584.5 million) in 2023 and 956 billion won ($668.4 million) last year. Over the past eight years, the total amount involved in such cases reached 3.7 trillion won ($2.59 billion) across 28 instances. By value, Chinese nationals accounted for 84.1% of the total, followed by Australians (11.1%), Vietnamese (3.2%), and Russians (1.6%). The growing prevalence of cryptocurrency in illicit activity parallels a broader surge in crypto investment within the country. Many South Koreans have turned to digital assets, often with home ownership as a long-term goal. Trading on local exchanges, Bloomberg reported, is heavily skewed toward more volatile altcoins, which make up more than 80% of total volume.  That stands in contrast to global markets, where investors largely focus on Bitcoin and Ethereum, which together make up more than half of overall trading. The momentum in local crypto investment intensified after Donald Trump’s U.S. presidential victory, with crypto trading in Korea reaching $27 billion in December 2024, about 80% of turnover on the KOSPI stock index. The investigation underscores the growing challenge for regulators in tracking and containing cross-border financial networks that rely on cryptocurrency and informal money transfers. As crypto adoption deepens in South Korea and scrutiny widens abroad, authorities find themselves navigating an increasingly intricate intersection of financial opportunity, enforcement, and risk. 

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