The Current Status of Crypto in Asia

The Hashgraph Association, a non-profit organization that focuses on building an ecosystem of startups and enterprises relative to the use of the Hedera Hashgraph public ledger, has announced that it intends to explore use cases for the technology in Qatar. Hedera Hashgraph was first created in 2015 by Leemon Baird and Mance Harmon. The network is designed such that anyone can transact using it and deploy applications on it. However, governance is separated from consensus, with a group of businesses overseeing the network protocol.Photo by Hongbin on UnsplashFive key use casesIn a LinkedIn post published on September 19, the Hashgraph Association outlined that within the next 12 months, it would explore the implementation of five key use cases relative to the Hashgraph network in Qatar, collaborating with stakeholders within the Middle Eastern country in order to do so. First on its list is the tokenization of equities. During the TOKEN2049 event in Singapore earlier this week, the HBAR Foundation, another entity which supports the creation of Web3 communities on the Hedera network, launched the Hedera Asset Tokenization Studio.  According to the HBAR Foundation, the initiative “enables the seamless issuance and management of tokenized bonds and equities on the Hedera network.” The move, when considered in the context of the Hashgraph Association’s intentions relative to the pursuit of the tokenization of equities as a use case in Qatar, demonstrates that the distributed ledger technology (DLT) network’s most prominent stakeholders are homing in on this particular use case in furthering the use of the network.  Dr. Sabrina Tachdjian, the HBAR Foundation’s head of fintech and payments, stated that the  Asset Tokenization Studio will lower technical barriers to the tokenization of bonds and equities, along with the recording of their underlying data on the ledger. Sukuk tokenizationOther use cases up for exploration in Qatar are real estate tokenization and sukuk tokenization. A sukuk is an Islamic financial certificate. It’s a bond-like financial instrument which is sharia-compliant. The world’s first tokenized sukuk, linked to a sovereign instrument, was created in Malaysia in 2023.  Fusang Exchange listed the product, as a digitized version of a sukuk issued by the International Islamic Liquidity Management Corporation (IILM), represented via an ERC-20 token. Shariah-compliant finance represents a $4 trillion opportunity. Additionally, the Hashgraph Association is looking to exploit the carbon credit sector as a use case, while also looking towards the use of the Hedera Hashgraph ledger for the purpose of consumer engagement and loyalty programs. Digital assets frameworkOn September 1, the Qatar Financial Centre (QFC) announced that the Qatar Financial Centre Authority (QFCA) and the Qatar Financial Centre Regulatory Authority (QFCRA) had launched the QFC digital assets framework. The Hashgraph Association believes that the regulations strengthen its role in “fostering innovation and trust within the digital assets ecosystem, further solidifying the region’s position as a global leader in fintech.” In May, the Hashgraph Association announced at the Qatar Economic Forum a $50 million partnership with the QFC, with the goal of creating a digital assets venture studio in Qatar to support solutions built on the Hedera network.

Four Pillars for Success in Korean Security Token MarketOn Wednesday, blockchain experts in various fields gathered at the 2023 Blockchain Meetup Conference held in Seoul to discuss issues with security tokens and their outlook.©Pexels/Alesia KozikWhat attracted security token businesses’ attention at the meeting was a presentation by Jung Eui-heon from Lambda256, a subsidiary of Korean crypto exchange Upbit’s operator Dunamu. He shared four pillars for success in the Korean security token market.Security tokens gaining traction in KoreaSecurity tokens have been a trending topic in the Korean blockchain industry since the Korean Financial Services Commission (FSC) allowed the issuance and trading of security tokens last February. Furthermore, a 2022 report jointly published by Boston Consulting Group and Singaporean investment platform ADDX predicted that the total size of illiquid tokenized assets worldwide would reach $16 trillion by 2030.Against this backdrop, here are the four keys to successful security token projects that Jung outlined.Technology adaptationFirst, he emphasized the importance of adopting rapidly changing technology. To tackle the issue, he suggested teaming up with advanced tech companies for long-term collaboration. When choosing tech partners, companies should ensure they are sustainable, possess technological prowess, hold credibility on high volume transactions, and maintain the security level of financial institutions, Jung advised.Forging partnershipsThe second point he mentioned was the need to forge partnerships. The FSC’s February guideline requires the issuance and distribution of security tokens to be managed separately. This means that security token projects require collaboration between issuers, distributors, account managers, asset holders, and tech companies.New securities productsJung also noted that discovering new securities products is crucial. Partnering with existing fractional investing companies may help accelerate the security token project initially, but in the long run, enterprises will eventually have to create products in various fields such as gaming, movies, and entertainment.Token liquidityLastly, Jung underlined the token liquidity, which plays a crucial role in determining its prices. Issuers will need to find various distributors and vice versa. Securing liquidity requires the establishment of a technical standard that improves interoperability and compatibility, he highlighted.

Hong Kong and Israel Collaborate to Expand CBDC Access Beyond BanksIn a collaborative effort, the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), the Bank of Israel (BoI), and the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) Innovation Hub have jointly released a comprehensive report on Project Sela, a central bank digital currency (CBDC) initiative.Photo by POURIA 🦋 on UnsplashBroadening the role of intermediariesThe report was published to the BIS website on Tuesday. In keeping with the trend of many CBDC projects, Project Sela is characterized by a robust public-private partnership. However, its particular focus lies in broadening the spectrum of intermediaries, aiming to offer retail CBDC services through a more diverse array of service providers, thereby reducing dependency on traditional banks and major payment providers.Andrew Abir, Deputy Governor of the Bank of Israel, emphasized the importance of fostering a dynamic and open ecosystem with a wide variety of service providers. He stated:“Competition and innovation require a flourishing and open ecosystem with many different types of service providers. This was our initial goal in Project Sela as a proof-of-concept, and the project proved the feasibility of the model we had in mind.”Involving retail banksIn a previous model explored through Hong Kong’s Project Aurum, retail banks were entrusted with customer-facing tasks while maintaining the central bank’s operation of the wholesale ledger for the eHKD. In contrast, Project Sela introduces a novel approach where the central bank operates the retail ledger — a model akin to Israel’s digital shekel.The primary actors in Project Sela, known as Access Enablers (AEs), notably do not have control over CBDC balances, distinguishing them from conventional payment providers. Moreover, AEs are not required to maintain liquidity to support CBDC services. Their role encompasses facilitating user onboarding and CBDC access, fulfilling know-your-customer (KYC) and compliance obligations, and routing payments. The role of banks and other “funding institutions” primarily revolves around enabling the conversion of cash and deposits into CBDC.The rationale behind this approach is rooted in the emergence of technological advancements in open banking and DeFi, which have demonstrated the potential to disentangle financial services by granting users greater access to their financial data and control over their own funds.Enabling participation among the unbankedProject Sela envisions the unbanked population utilizing ATMs to convert cash into CBDC. A similar approach has recently been taken by the Chinese authorities. In the resort city of Sanya, authorities have introduced e-CNY ATMs in order to enable e-CNY access for foreign tourists.However, it is noteworthy that in many countries, the primary function of ATMs is to dispense cash rather than accept it. Consequently, the inclusion of AEs could pose challenges to traditional banking institutions, as CBDC adoption could potentially impact bank deposits.Privacy and cybersecurity considerations are implicated within Project Sela. As the central bank operates the retail ledger, ensuring the confidentiality of personal information becomes imperative. To safeguard privacy, AEs employ a hashing mechanism to obfuscate personal identifiers, although the report does not delve into the subject in detail.While Bank of Israel Governor Amir Yaron admitted that a CBDC can never be anonymous, he claimed that “if we choose to issue a digital cash shekel, it will provide at least as much privacy as other digital means of payment.”