Ripple exec: regulatory priority as focus shifts to tokenization in APAC

Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia Collaborate on Tokenization and PaymentsIn an effort to enhance financial collaboration, Hong Kong and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are expanding their ties and focusing on agreements related to tokenization and payments infrastructure.Photo by Ketut Subiyanto on PexelsBilateral meetingOn Wednesday, the Saudi Central Bank (SAMA) and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) held a bilateral meeting to discuss various initiatives aimed at integrating financial services between the two nations. During the meeting, the central banks explored areas such as financial infrastructure development, open market operations, market connectivity, and sustainable development. Additionally, they signed a memorandum of understanding (MoU) to facilitate joint discussions on financial innovation.HKMA chief executive Eddie Yue emphasized the potential for cooperation in fields like economy, trade, sustainable development, finance, and fintech between the two nations. He expressed optimism about the continued development of the relationship and the prospects it holds for the future.SAMA governor Ayman Al-Sayari echoed this sentiment, acknowledging the significance of the MoU in fostering stronger ties and assisting them in the future. “HKMA is an important partner for the Saudi Central Bank. Today’s MoU will support our relationship and contribute to the consolidation of efforts in developing the Fintech industry,” he stated.Tokenization and payment infrastructureNotably, the authorities of Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia also used the opportunity to exchange expertise in tokenization, payment infrastructure, and supervision technologies. This collaboration opens up possibilities for both countries to leverage each other’s strengths in these areas.Hong Kong has been actively participating in various inter-jurisdictional tokenization initiatives. In June, the Bank of China’s investment bank subsidiary, BOCI, issued a $28 million tokenized security in Hong Kong using the Ethereum blockchain. The project utilized Goldman Sachs’ tokenization protocol GS DAP and featured cash tokens representing claims on the Hong Kong dollar.Digital assets firm Ripple Labs has also participated in a HKMA pilot program that implicates real estate tokenization.No crypto discussionHowever, the joint announcement did not explicitly mention any joint efforts related to cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. It is worth noting that Hong Kong recently allowed retail investors to trade crypto, but Saudi Arabia has not shown any specific plans to promote cryptocurrencies in recent years. In 2019, the Saudi Central Bank issued a warning that Bitcoin is not recognized by legal entities within the country.International collaborationRecent months have seen ever greater collaboration between international central banks and regulators relative to digital assets. Last month Japan’s Financial Services Authority (FSA) joined forces with the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) on its Project Guardian initiative to further explore the potential of digital assets.In May, the central banks of Hong Kong and the United Arab Emirates announced a collaboration to work on cryptocurrency regulations and financial technology development. In the same month, MAS partnered with New York’s Federal Reserve Bank on an initiative that examined the use of central bank digital currency (CBDC) for wholesale cross-border payments.As the financial collaboration between Hong Kong and Saudi Arabia strengthens and other such international partnerships continue to unfold, the focus on tokenization and payment infrastructure and digital assets more broadly signifies a step forward in embracing these innovative financial technologies.

Asian Countries Dominate Chainalysis’ 2023 Global Crypto Adoption IndexBlockchain analytics firm Chainalysis has just unveiled an excerpt of its “2023 Global Crypto Adoption Index,” revealing that Asian nations are top of the class in terms of the pace of crypto adoption.The report extract published to the Chainalysis website brings into focus the remarkable strides made by a number of Asian countries, emerging as the front-runners in driving grassroots cryptocurrency adoption.The index showcases the dominance of regions like Central and South Asia, along with the broader Oceania regions. Astonishingly, six of the top 10 countries on the index hail from this part of the world.Photo by Louis Hansel on UnsplashIndia takes top spotIndia, in particular, shines as the torchbearer of cryptocurrency adoption in the region, securing its position as the largest cryptocurrency market. It not only leads the way in grassroots adoption but has also ascended to become the second-largest crypto market globally in terms of raw estimated transaction volume, eclipsing even some major global economies.It’s interesting that India should find itself in this position when you consider that a number of measures have been taken that could have been expected to dampen adoption. The Indian authorities introduced a 30% tax on capital gains earned through the sale of digital assets, as well as a 1% tax on Tax Deducted at Source (TDS) for all crypto transactions.Last month, Indian crypto exchange CoinDCX specifically cited these tax burdens, combined with the recent bear market, as being contributing factors in its decision to cut its workforce by 12%. Another excerpt of the Chainalysis report explicitly refers to these measures and their potential to retard cryptocurrency use.Adoption despite bear marketDespite a temporary downturn in worldwide grassroots cryptocurrency adoption, Chainalysis’ research finds that these developing Asian nations, have not only weathered the storm brought about by the recent bear market but have thrived, with their total grassroots adoption surpassing the levels of Q3 2020, just before the most recent bull market.Other countries featuring in the top ten include Vietnam (third), the Philippines (sixth), Indonesia (seventh), Pakistan (eighth), and Thailand (tenth). China, Turkey, Bangladesh, and Japan then feature within the top twenty.This data holds promise for the cryptocurrency landscape in the Asian region. Many of these nations are lower middle-income (LMI) countries that typically exhibit burgeoning industries and populations, collectively representing more than 40% of the global population. Chainalysis suggests that if these countries shape the future, cryptocurrencies are poised to play an indispensable role in shaping the global financial ecosystem.Institutional adoptionThe excerpt from the report also hints at the burgeoning trend of institutional adoption in high-income countries, even in the face of a lingering bear market. This suggests a potential dual-directional adoption scenario, where cryptocurrencies cater to the needs of users from both affluent and developing nations, bringing together a diverse spectrum of economic backgrounds.The report takes an optimistic outlook, stating:“Grassroots crypto adoption isn’t about which countries have the highest raw transaction volumes. . . . Instead, we want to highlight the countries where average, everyday people are embracing crypto the most.”“If LMI countries are the future, then the data indicates that crypto is going to be a big part of that future.”

Further Trials Required Before Determination of eHKD Launch DateThe Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is taking a cautious approach to the launch of its retail central bank digital currency (CBDC), the e-HKD, stating that it will only go live once key stakeholders have gained sufficient experience to compete effectively in the payment sector.Photo by Jimmy Chan on PexelsAwaiting greater clarityIn an interview with the South China Morning Post (SCMP) earlier this week, Eddie Yue, CEO of the HKMA, revealed that initial experiments with e-HKD have shown promise, but the central bank is still waiting for greater clarity on technological, legal, and societal aspects. The CBDC trial began in May, involving 16 commercial banks, payment providers, and gross settlement platform Ripple, with a focus on exploring various use cases.Yue emphasized that they are still in the early stages of the trial process. The central question remains finding a use case that outperforms current retail payment methods in terms of safety, speed, or convenience.Programmable paymentsAmong the use cases explored in the pilot, programmable payments have stood out. This functionality allows consumer funds to be restricted for specific purposes. Bank of China (Hong Kong) has been at the forefront of this study, allowing select users to make payments using the test CBDC.The potential applications of the CBDC extend to tokenized deposits and tokenized assets, the aspect of the project which Ripple has involved itself with. The HKMA has shown interest in tokenization, especially after the successful completion of Project Evergreen, a blockchain-based bond issuance project.While the domestic use of the CBDC faces challenges, the HKMA is actively considering its role in cross-border payments. The HKMA has been involved in the Bank for International Settlements (BIS) mBridge pilot, which is expected to release a minimum viable product (MVP) by 2024. It’s working alongside the Bank of Thailand and the central bank of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) on that project. Hong Kong and the UAE have been working towards strengthening financial cooperation in respect of crypto regulation.Following the achievements of the initial pilot, the HKMA is open to bringing in new participants. Rumors suggest that up to 20 central banks are closely monitoring the project’s developments.Collaboration with mainland ChinaRecent weeks have seen Hong Kong and China working on improving cross-border transactions. In July, it was announced that Chinese tourists visiting Hong Kong would be able to use their digital yuan wallets to pay for goods and services at select locations.Conversely, Hong Kong tourists visiting mainland China could use the digital yuan for retail transactions. A new upgrade will enable tourists to top up their digital yuan wallets using Hong Kong’s Faster Payment System (FPS) or major payment providers like Mastercard and Visa.While the exact launch date for e-HKD remains uncertain, the focus on practical use cases and technological advancements is expected to yield a robust and innovative CBDC for Hong Kong’s future. On the international front, the mBridge project is set to play a pivotal role in the broader adoption of CBDCs across borders, potentially revolutionizing global payment systems.