Ripple exec: regulatory priority as focus shifts to tokenization in APAC

Financial regulators in Hong Kong are moving towards the presentation of stablecoin legislation following the completion of a consultation process. In February of this year, that consultation process, which received 108 submissions from professional bodies and industry stakeholders, was completed. It was run jointly by The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB) and the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA), culminating in the publication of the results of the process.Photo by Pat Whelen on UnsplashLegislative proposal publishedOff the back of that prior body of work, the regulators have now published a legislative proposal, incorporating responses to issues that were brought to light via the consultation process. The regulators concluded that going forward, stablecoin regulation should be considered primarily in terms of those stablecoin assets which operate on a ledger which runs on a decentralized basis. Additionally, no individual or unilateral entity should have the ability to tamper with or control those assets or the network upon which they exist. On this basis, the regulators intend to submit a bill relative to fiat-referenced stablecoins for consideration to the Legislative Council at a later stage in 2024. Before submitting any legislative proposal, the regulators plan to once again consult with stakeholders prior to finalizing any such proposal. As part of what they have set out thus far, regulators are looking to include a requirement for any stablecoin issuer to obtain a license in Hong Kong.  Reserve asset requirementsThey remain open to the idea that reserve assets backing an issued stablecoin could be held in an overseas jurisdiction. However, if the issuer is an overseas entity, it will be required to establish a local corporate entity in Hong Kong, with relevant management personal based within the Chinese autonomous territory. In light of feedback received during the consultation process, the regulator is looking at reducing the attestation frequency that each stablecoin issuer will be required to provide via an independent auditor in order to verify that the stablecoins issued are backed by the requisite amount of liquid assets.  Such reserve assets must be segregated from the working capital of the stablecoin issuer’s business, with the HKMA expressing a preference for a trust-like structure following input via the consultation process. Furthermore, reserve assets must be deemed to be both high quality and highly liquid, which would include cash, bank deposits and government issued securities where counterparty risk is minimized. On the basis that the Hong Kong dollar is pegged to the U.S. dollar, the regulator is content to allow issuers to use USD-denominated reserve assets if they prefer to do so. The legislative proposal also stipulates the need for issuers to have a minimum share capital of HK$25 million or 1% of the value of stablecoin in circulation.  The HKMA foresees crypto exchanges, securities firms and regulated banks having the ability to offer stablecoins to customers, so such offerings won’t be confined to dedicated stablecoin issuers.Back in March the HKMA introduced a stablecoin sandbox with a view towards learning what works best from a regulatory standpoint. It’s understood that a list of participants will be announced in the near future. Participating entities will be able to issue stablecoins in Hong Kong within that controlled sandbox environment, prior to full scale implementation once stablecoin regulation has been fully legislated for.

South Korea's Democratic Party of Korea (DPK) plans to introduce a bill this week aimed at establishing a legal framework for digital assets, according to Edaily. The move is part of the party's ongoing efforts to advance its crypto policy agenda ahead of the upcoming presidential election. The proposed law would define the legal status of digital assets and set rules for their issuance, distribution and listing. The bill is expected to keep the requirement for Korean won-pegged stablecoin issuers to obtain authorization with a minimum reserve of 5 billion won ($3.58 million), a key point of debate.Photo by Brady Bellini on UnsplashA DPK official stated that the bill has been drafted and is set to be introduced to the National Assembly this week, following feedback from internal subcommittees. Most of the provisions remain consistent with last month’s draft, but final comments are still being collected on stablecoin reserve requirements, which have been a major point of discussion. Defining digital assetsThe bill defines digital assets as "electronic records with economic value based on blockchain technology" and establishes a regulatory framework for issuers, exchanges and custodians. Key provisions include permitting initial coin offerings (ICOs) and creating a digital asset committee under the Financial Services Commission (FSC). This committee would oversee legal framework design, market monitoring, and policy promotion. Additionally, an industry association will establish a separate committee to oversee token listing practices, ensuring consistent listing standards across exchanges. The most contentious part of the draft has been the regulations for won-based stablecoins. It classifies stablecoins as digital assets akin to fiat currency, requiring a minimum reserve of 5 billion won and authorization from the FSC. It also mandates real-time reserve disclosures, secure asset custody and quarterly reporting. Divide over stablecoin reserve requirementOpinions on the reserve requirement are divided. Some industry insiders argue that the 5 billion won threshold is too high, creating a barrier for startups. Others believe a minimum capital requirement is necessary due to stablecoins' role in payments and their potential as currency substitutes. Lee Jung-yup, president of the Blockchain Law Society, stressed that stablecoins must maintain a basic level of trust, warning that those failing to meet the 5 billion won threshold could become prone to insolvency or fraud. However, Lee acknowledged concerns about the centralized regulatory approach led by financial authorities and the potential for market dominance by large corporations. He suggested exploring the creation of an independent regulatory body for cryptocurrencies, warning that overly strict regulations could stifle domestic digital finance innovation amid growing global competition. Crime surges with market growthWhile regulations continue to evolve, crypto crimes are also rising sharply amid the expanding digital asset market. According to Segye Ilbo, South Korean police arrested about 2,100 individuals for crypto-related offenses last year—17 times more than in 2017, when data collection began. The total losses from such crimes now exceed 1 trillion won ($714 million) annually. Since the election of U.S. President Donald Trump, known for his crypto-friendly stance, Korea's crypto market has experienced rapid growth. This surge has raised concerns about an increase in fraud targeting investors chasing quick profits. 

Hashed Emergent to Host India Blockchain Week 2023 in DecemberHashed Emergent, a subsidiary of South Korean blockchain venture capital Hashed, will host India Blockchain Week (IBW) 2023 at the Sheraton Grand Hotel in Bangalore, India, from December 4 to 10.Hashed Emergent is a venture capital firm specializing in investments in early-stage companies bridging the gap between Web2 and Web3 in India. The firm was established by Hashed, a group dedicated to propelling the global adoption of the Web3 ecosystem. Hashed Emergent seeks to tap into the potential of emerging markets.Photo by Still Pixels on PexelsIndia’s Web3 surgeIndia is exhibiting promise in the Web3 market, driven by its economy, population, and tech advancements. Since 2015, there has been an increase of about sixfold in the number of Web3 startups in the country, with the count reaching 450 as of April 2022. Among them are four unicorns, namely Polygon, FalconX, CoinSwitch, and CoinDCX. Investment in Web3 startups has also seen a rise, with the figure touching $1.3 billion between 2021 and the first quarter of 2022. Furthermore, the Indian government appears to be taking a more accommodating stance towards the Web3 industry.Hashed Emergent is organizing this event for the first time to accelerate the expansion of the Web3 ecosystem in the burgeoning Indian market. IBW2023 is an international multi-chain conference that will delve into Web3 conversations across all industries. It is designed to foster connections between blockchain enterprises in India and abroad, uniting participants from the multifaceted blockchain landscape.Echoing the prominence of notable blockchain events like Singapore’s Token2049 and Korea’s Korea Blockchain Week (KBW), IBW2023 is expected to attract blockchain enthusiasts from around the world who are eager to see firsthand the evolving potential of India’s Web3 market.Flagship IBW’23 ConferenceThe flagship event, “IBW’23 Conference,” is set for December 6 to 7 and will spotlight five pivotal themes. Discussions will delve into the latest technical advancements in the blockchain realm, the role of Web3 in emerging markets, how global regulations will shape the blockchain sector, the prospects for Web3 in India, and the opportunities and hurdles facing Web3 expansion.About 120 prominent figures from the Web3 space are set to grace the event as speakers. They include Mo Shaikh, CEO of layer 1 blockchain developer Aptos Labs; Emin Gün Sirer, CEO of Avalanche blockchain builder Ava Labs; Sebastien Borget, co-founder of metaverse platform The Sandbox; and Simon Seojoon Kim, CEO of Hashed. Furthermore, the blockchain hackathon, ETH INDIA, is poised to attract over 1,500 developers, all geared to create the decentralized future of Ethereum.Tak Lee, CEO of Hashed Emergent, highlighted that India has been gaining traction as a major player in the blockchain industry. He shared that both Hashed and Hashed Emergent have been keenly observing the potential of the Indian Web3 market since early 2020. They are dedicated to ensuring IBW2023’s success, envisioning it as the first step towards the explosive growth of the Indian Web3 ecosystem.Meanwhile, Hashed Emergent is currently managing its first fund, Hashed Emergent Fund I, which has raised $20 million to date in multiple closings. In its first year and a half, the fund has invested in 28 portfolio companies, many of which have Indian founders. Major portfolio companies include Web3 game discovery and wallet app Glip, Web3 native incubator BuidlersTribe, and African web3 startup Nestcoin.