Ripple exec: regulatory priority as focus shifts to tokenization in APAC

It emerged on Wednesday that the Indian version of the Apple App Store has blocked access to eight crypto exchanges that were recently subject to a show cause notice from an Indian government agency, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU). The development occurred only two weeks after these global firms were flagged for allegedly operating "illegally" in the country. The FIU had cited non-compliance with India's anti-money laundering rules. In its statement on Dec. 28, the FIU urged India's IT Ministry to block the websites of all nine services in the country. The affected exchanges include Huobi, Gate.io, Bittrex, Binance, Kraken, Kucoin, MEXC Global and Bitfinex. Binance acknowledged the issue in a social media post, stating that it will continue to work with local regulators. Interestingly, Bitstamp, another exchange mentioned by the FIU, remained operational on the App Store in India. While these apps have been removed from the Apple App Store, they are still available on the Google Play Store in India and their websites remain accessible within the country. Users who had previously installed these apps on their devices can still access them. Photo by Naveed Ahmed on UnsplashTax avoidanceThe backdrop for this action involves a trend where many Indian traders had shifted to global cryptocurrency platforms rather than native digital asset exchanges. India initiated cryptocurrency taxation last year, imposing a 30% tax on gains and a 1% deduction on each crypto transaction.  While Indian-based exchanges like CoinSwitch, CoinDCX and WazirX maintain compliant know-your-customer verifications, global platforms have not followed suit. Notably, WazirX has experienced a drastic 97% drop in trading volume over two years as many traders migrated to global apps. It’s thought that as many as five million crypto users have shifted their trading activity to offshore exchanges. The tax has proven to be controversial and according to Dr. Vikash Gautam, the author of a report on the tax measure published last November, “it just isn’t enforceable . . . It is possible to be done with international cooperation, but we do understand it is a long process. Some of the other countries have some arrangements with international exchanges to track that." Leveling the playing fieldIt’s amid that competitive backdrop that native Indian exchanges lobbied the Indian government through the Bharat Web3 Association (BWA) to take action against unregulated offshore exchanges recently. CoinSwitch's co-founder and CEO, Ashish Singhal, urged offshore exchanges to comply with local regulations, suggesting registration with the FIU and adherence to India's Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter-Terrorist Financing (CFT) measures. Singhal, whose CoinSwitch platform is a founding member of the BWA industry advocacy group, highlighted that this would not only benefit offshore exchanges but also enhance consumer protection in India through increased regulatory oversight. Earlier warnings from Indian cryptocurrency exchanges foresaw users shifting to decentralized exchanges or non-compliant services due to the New Delhi government's taxation policy on crypto. In response, CoinDCX announced incentives for customers transferring their crypto assets from global exchanges to its India-based platform. Taking to social media on Wednesday, CoinDCX founder Sumit Gumpta stated:”This is a defining moment for [virtual digital assets] in India, and we're dedicated to facilitating a seamless and secure transition for investors navigating these changes.”   

Blockchain technology and digital assets feature strongly in a fintech ecosystem report carried out by InvestHK, an agency within Hong Kong’s government responsible for foreign direct investment.Photo by Shubham Dhage on UnsplashGrowing fintech sectorThe recently published report, identified that as of July 2024, there were 175 blockchain application/software firms located in Hong Kong. In the area of cryptocurrency and digital assets, it identified the presence of 111 firms, while there were 122 payment and remittance firms. All in all, the report found that in excess of 1,100 fintech firms had been established in Hong Kong as of mid-2024. It highlights the fact that the sector has seen robust growth in Hong Kong in recent years, while making the point that this has come about in part due to “substantial resources” having been committed by the Hong Kong government to enable such growth within the local fintech sector. The report cites data from a study carried out by DataCube Research, which projects that the fintech market within the Chinese autonomous territory will reach $606 billion by 2032. This forecast incorporates an expectation of an annual growth rate of 28.5% over the course of the next eight years. As well as forecasting further growth for the fintech sector in general in Hong Kong, the InvestHK report also foresees artificial intelligence, blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) and digital assets contributing to that growth. 250% blockchain startup growthThe research identifies that since 2022, there has been a 250% increase in the total number of blockchain-related startups that are located within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). The number of crypto and digital asset firms based in Hong Kong has grown by 30% during the same period.  Finding talentIn formulating this report, InvestHK surveyed 130 local fintech firms. One challenge that was identified through that process is the need for the appropriate talent to be in place in order to secure projected growth rates over the coming years. Hong Kong is having to compete on a global basis for appropriate fintech talent, with almost 60% of the companies surveyed by InvestHK suggesting that this is a major challenge. Taking cryptocurrencies as a key component for future growth, last year’s Bitcoin price surge led to a crypto hiring boom with some of the large global fintech companies actively hiring crypto talent.  Other centers such as Singapore are taking measures to attract that talent. Access to capital was another area of concern, with 44% of respondents indicating it as an area of difficulty. In an interview with English-language newspaper China Daily recently, Brian Ah-Chuen, managing director of ABC Banking Corp., said that InvestHK has been aggressive in its approach to certain initiatives. He said that the agency has been successful in drawing capital and talent from around the world to Hong Kong.

Dunamu likely to extend CEO Lee’s tenure, ensuring continuity in Upbit leadershipDunamu, the operator of Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, recently convened a board meeting where a key decision was made to extend the term of Lee Sirgoo as Dunamu’s CEO, as reported by local news outlet Newsis, citing industry sources.Photo by Benjamin Child on UnsplashFinal decision on Dec 5The final decision on the extension of CEO Lee’s term at Dunamu is set to be made at the extraordinary general meeting on Dec. 5. The crypto industry is largely confident about Lee’s reappointment, especially given the presence of major executives, including Chairman Song Chi-hyung, at the recent board meeting.Responding to changing regulationsIn light of these developments, industry insiders are keenly observing whether CEO Lee will maintain Upbit’s market dominance in Korea. A key factor influencing Upbit’s future success will be Dunamu’s strategy in adapting to the changing market conditions, particularly in response to the upcoming Virtual Asset User Protection Act, which is due to come into effect in July next year.One source familiar with the matter said that Lee’s reappointment is almost assured, barring the emergence of any unexpected factors.If confirmed, this will mark Lee’s second reappointment as CEO of Dunamu since his first in 2020. This extension would bring his total tenure to nine years, continuing through 2026, considering that he initially assumed leadership in December 2017.Emphasis on stability and blockchain adoptionThis move likely underscores Dunamu’s prioritization of stability, especially considering Chairman Song’s emphasis on the company’s commitment to the widespread adoption of blockchain technology, as highlighted in the recently convened Upbit D Conference (UDC). Such a focus suggests that the company is leaning more towards maintaining its current status rather than embarking on new ventures.An executive from a Korean crypto research firm observed that Dunamu’s annual UDC event is a significant indicator of the company’s business direction. The person highlighted this by comparing it to last year’s event, where Dunamu officials focused on new initiatives, particularly in the realm of NFTs. This was evident in their collaboration with Levvels, a joint venture between Dunamu and HYBE, the management agency of the popular K-pop boy group BTS.The executive further elaborated that the widespread adoption of blockchain technology requires strengthening the Upbit business, an area in which Lee excels. The research expert suggested that if he had diverted his efforts towards other new projects outside of Upbit, the outcomes might have been different.CEO Lee’s ability to steer Upbit effectively in the burgeoning field of blockchain technology can be attributed to his rich academic and professional journey. He holds a diverse academic background with degrees from Seoul National University, the University of Hawaii at Manoa and Lewis & Clark Law School. His career spans journalism, law and corporate leadership, including roles as a reporter for JoongAng Ilbo, counsel for IBM Korea, CEO of NHN USA and co-CEO of Kakao Corporation.