Hong Kong broadens e-CNY testing with focus on cross-border payments

Binance’s Entry Followed by Increased Scrutiny on Foreign Executives in Korean Crypto FirmsSince Binance’s acquisition of South Korean crypto exchange GOPAX earlier this year, it appears that South Korean financial authorities have tightened their oversight of virtual asset service providers (VASPs), according to an article by local news outlet News1.Photo by Vadim Artyukhin on UnsplashAuthorities had previously instructed existing VASPs to report any changes in their location or registered executives. However, according to industry sources on Monday, authorities recently issued a notice to VASPs, emphasizing the importance of reporting the appointment of foreign executives as well. This change in authorities’ approach is not unrelated to the recent incidents involving Binance and GOPAX, which have caused ripples in the Korean market.Ongoing leadership changesBinance acquired a majority stake in Streami, the operator of GOPAX, back in February after GOPAX struggled to make principal and interest payments on its own decentralized finance (DeFi) service, GOFi, in the wake of the FTX collapse that happened in November 2022. In doing so, Binance injected capital into GOPAX in order to provide a solution for the issue.This marked Binance’s entry into the Korean market, with the number of monthly active users in the country soaring since then. A survey conducted in June by blockchain-based polling app Cratos also revealed that the Korean public had an overall favorable opinion towards the acquisition.Following the acquisition, Streami underwent multiple leadership transitions with Lee Jun-haeng resigning and Binance’s Asia Pacific Head, Leon Sing Foong, taking over. Shortly after, Foong also stepped down, and the baton was passed to Lee Joong-hoon, GOPAX’s former Vice President. It is also notable that Foong recently left Binance altogether amid regulatory scrutiny.Streami subsequently submitted reports to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission in line with requirements to inform the regulatory body about these changes. However, the FIU has not yet granted its approval, likely due to the legal challenges Binance is currently facing in multiple jurisdictions worldwide.In a seeming effort to address this regulatory roadblock, Streami has recently decided to delegate yet another CEO whose identity has not yet been disclosed. This marks the third leadership shift in just half a year.On the other hand, crypto trading platform Crypto.com also acquired the exchange OKBIT last year. However, its process of entering the Korean market was quite different from that of Binance, as the platform received proper approval for changes in executive positions, such as the appointment of Rafael de Marco e Melo as Chief Financial Officer.Mounting roadblocksIt appears that authorities have now decided to form a more robust oversight system, including monitoring changes in foreign executive appointments at VASPs. However, some argue that such regulatory changes could be perceived as a hindrance for global exchanges looking to enter Korea’s lucrative crypto market where there is a high level of investor sentiment from up to seven million individual investors.To operate as a virtual asset business in the country, businesses must obtain preliminary certification for an Information Security Management System (ISMS) and register as a VASP. Obtaining ISMS certification is a time-consuming process, prompting overseas VASPs to enter the Korean market by acquiring businesses that have already received certification in Korea.However, if the entry barriers to Korea increase as authorities start to scrutinize changes in foreign executive positions, global VASPs may reconsider entering the market.

Among various accounts within a bank, a demand deposit account is considered a “station” where people can temporarily store their money and easily withdraw it for future investments. These accounts are highly liquid, since users can deposit or withdraw funds at any time without having to pay a penalty to a bank.  Following the recent cryptocurrency boom, the five major banks in Korea – KB Kookmin Bank, Shinhan Bank, Hana Bank, Woori Bank and NH Nonghyup Bank – are seeing a significant influx of funds into their demand deposit accounts, according to local media outlet Money Today. This is partly attributed to an increasing number of youths who are seeking to invest in crypto assets, parking their money in these banks’ demand deposit accounts. Shinhan Bank and Nonghyup Bank have seen the highest increase in their deposits, owing to their affiliation with local crypto exchanges that have access to real-name accounts from these banks. Photo by André François McKenzie on UnsplashBTC’s surge attracting young investors to cryptoExperts say that these deposits could be potentially transferred to the crypto market by owners as Bitcoin’s value continues to climb. An insider from a crypto exchange noted that the bullish crypto market, spurred by the U.S. approval of spot bitcoin ETFs, is driving a number of young investors to turn to crypto investments, encouraging them to channel their deposits into buying crypto tokens.  Data from these five major banks shows their total demand deposits by the end of February exceeded KRW 614 trillion ($460 billion), seeing a month-over-month increase of about KRW 23.5 trillion. During the same period, the banks’ combined regular savings grew by KRW 23.6 trillion, while their combined installment savings saw a decrease of KRW 13.3 trillion. This came after the government-led savings product “Youth Hope Installment Savings” reached its maturity, which returns users their principal with relatively large interest gains.  Banks scrambling to attract crypto investors with new savings productsIn response to the potential decline in interest rates in the second half of this year, an increasing number of customers are seeking to put their money into savings products with an interest rate of as low as 3%, according to a banker. In a bid to attract more users, local banks are busy introducing new savings products.  KB Kookmin Bank launched a savings product offering a relatively high annual interest rate of up to 4%, and Shinhan Bank rolled out a savings product targeting youths with an annual interest rate of up to 3.85%.  Meanwhile, Kbank, an online-only bank, is deemed among the largest beneficiaries of the crypto boom, as the bank saw its average daily new customers triple compared to last year. Since 2020, Kbank has served as the provider of real-name accounts to Upbit, the leading crypto exchange in Korea.  Ha Joon-kyung, a professor at the Department of Economics at Hanyang University, said the sudden surge in demand deposits means that a significant portion of these funds will be invested in high-yielding but risky assets, including cryptocurrencies, stocks and real estate.  

Arthur Hayes: Chinese monetary policy could ignite crypto marketArthur Hayes, Co-Founder of Seychelles-incorporated crypto exchange and derivatives platform BitMEX, suggests that China could inject a substantial amount of credit into its economy, potentially giving a boost to Bitcoin and the broader crypto market.Photo by Eric Prouzet on UnsplashPotential flood of yuan creditThe firebrand crypto OG outlined his thoughts on the matter in a blog post which was published on Monday. Hayes discussed how, although China has currently made credit expensive in order to hold back credit growth and inspire confidence in the economy, its monetary authorities might be gearing up to flood the economy with yuan credit, creating a favorable environment for cryptocurrencies.He outlined a series of factors contributing to this potential surge in Chinese credit. He pointed to the interplay between U.S. monetary policy and the Chinese yuan, emphasizing how recent U.S. actions are laying the groundwork for China to issue substantial credit, particularly to its struggling property sector.Describing U.S. policy as “weakening the dollar by issuing more Treasury bills,” Hayes noted the consequent decline of the dollar index (DXY) throughout November. He argued that the weaker dollar gives China the flexibility to increase yuan credit without significant depreciation, possibly even leading to yuan appreciation.If the Federal Reserve at a minimum holds rates and better still, starts to cut rates, China will be in a position to pursue the stimulus needed for its property market and for infrastructure spending.Hong Kong as the gateway to capital marketsAccording to Hayes, the global monetary dynamics set in motion by these factors could be advantageous for Bitcoin and the broader cryptocurrency market. He explained that the bulk of the financing will trickle down into speculation within the financial markets. If China starts printing yuan, the capital is likely to flow into global markets, supporting the prices of various risk assets.But how can this happen, given that speculation and crypto trading are prohibited in China? Hayes’ view is that Hong Kong is now China’s gateway to the global capital markets. Wealthy Chinese individuals now bank via Hong Kong. As we have seen, the autonomous Chinese territory has a workable regulatory framework in place and is now actively licensing crypto exchanges and brokers. Consequently Bitcoin and crypto, generally, could be among the risk assets benefiting from an influx of capital.Furthermore, the BitMex co-founder believes that as yuan credit becomes abundant, the global demand for dollar credit and liquidity may decrease. Given that the dollar is a primary funding currency, a fall in the price of credit could lead to a rise in fixed-supply assets like Bitcoin and gold in dollar terms.Hayes concluded what is a long and detailed blog post by stating:“I will continue moving money out of T-bills and into crypto because I want to get in now before it becomes apparent through the data that China’s money printer is going brrrrr.”He suggested that Chinese New Year, which occurs in mid-February of next year, could be the time in which that extra credit materializes in China. Hayes’ latest assertion comes on the back of a bold claim he made last month when he suggested that bitcoin could reach a unit price of $1 million by 2026.