MiCA may force crypto firms into Middle East relocation

As the Virtual Asset User Protection Act is set to take effect in July, South Korean virtual asset services providers (VASPs) are preparing themselves for new crypto accounting standards. This development is pushing crypto businesses to take consultation services from accounting firms, local media outlet Yonhap Infomax today reported.  Pronounced last year, the new crypto accounting guideline is scheduled to be applied to VASPs starting this July. Rather than providing clear and explicit standards, the guideline requires crypto businesses to interpret it on their own based on “reasonable grounds.” One accountant in the crypto industry said that individual crypto exchanges are wrapping their heads around the new crypto accounting standards, pondering over numerous issues such as whether to manage customer assets in a single record-keeping system. Photo by Volkan Olmez on UnsplashThe most significant concern among VASPs is that the new standard will highly likely recognize crypto assets entrusted by customers as either assets or liabilities. So far, local crypto exchanges haven’t recognized custodial tokens as assets; instead, they have been including these tokens in the footnotes. Only the money users deposited in Korean won has been acknowledged as “customer deposit liabilities.” Dunamu, the operator of crypto exchange Upbit, stated in the footnotes of its previous quarterly report that virtual assets entrusted by customers do not meet the accounting definition of an asset, leading the exchange to exclude its users’ custodial tokens from the asset category.  Varying interpretation of ‘control over custodial assets’ A lot is at stake depending on how individual crypto exchanges interpret the new guideline. If crypto exchanges are deemed to have control over custodial assets, they must meticulously document the details of the assets in custody on their financial statements, including the total amount of custodial assets and how they are managed under what policies.  These details would serve as decisive factors in determining who bears the liabilities in the event of future incidents.  Crypto businesses’ accounting dilemmaThe Korean financial regulators have explained that the new guideline is not the ultimate golden rule, implying that there could be a leeway for crypto businesses if they have reasonable grounds for not following the new accounting standard. However, regulators said they will conduct thorough examinations on the financial statements following their publishment, to ensure that custodial assets are not left out in the documents. This is where VASPs face a difficult choice between two different options; they can either classify custodial tokens as something other than an asset and undergo thorough examinations, or they can recognize them as an asset and risk being included in the “mutual investment-restricted group.” This is a group consisting of large local firms with over nearly KRW 10 trillion ($7.5 billion) in total assets. The companies listed in the group are subject to strict government regulations.  Previous recognition of Dunamu as ‘big firm’ raises concerns among VASPsThe local regulatory authority previously classified Dunamu as part of the mutual investment-restricted group in 2022.  At the time, Korean won deposits made by Upbit users, categorized under the customer deposit liabilities, were recognized as part of its assets by the Korea Fair Trade Commission (KFTC). The KFTC determined that Dunamu had controlling power over the customers’ deposits. This judgment by the KFTC led the company to fall under the mutual investment-restricted group. Once the new accounting standard takes effect in July, the likelihood is that the exchange’s custodial tokens, currently valued at KRW 20.2 trillion, will also be recognized as assets. Meanwhile, another prominent crypto exchange Bithumb is reported to have KRW 4.5 trillion in total assets.   Another accountant in the crypto industry expressed concerns, saying that VASPs will have to deal with more regulations if incorporated into the mutual investment-restricted group. The person added that recognizing custodial tokens as assets could further heighten the management risks for crypto businesses. 

Korean Travel Rule Solution Provider Partners with ACAMS to Enhance AML MeasuresConnect Digital Exchanges (Code), the Korean Travel Rule solution provider, announced today that it has forged a partnership with the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS), the largest international membership organization of its kind.©Pexels/Savvas StavrinosTravel RuleThe Travel Rule, issued by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing, requires virtual asset service providers to screen the information of the senders and recipients of crypto transactions.Code’s collaboration with ACAMSCode will collaborate with ACAMS to develop more effective anti-money laundering (AML) measures in Korea by producing anti-financial crime experts, and enhancing Travel Rule regulations. ACAMS offers internationally recognized training programs, with more than 40,000 certified AML specialists in over 175 countries and regions.More about CodeCode was jointly established by Korea’s major crypto exchanges Bithumb, Coinone, and Korbit in August 2021. Code recently published a report containing the Travel Rule operation results over the past year in Korea and its recommendations.

Crypto.com Plans to Launch Its Services in South Korea This YearIn an interview with local news outlet Global Economic, Patrick Yoon, General Manager Korea of Crypto.com, shared the global cryptocurrency exchange’s plans to launch its services in South Korea this year. Yoon, who previously held positions at Standard Chartered Bank and Visa, joined Crypto.com in September 2021.Expansion into KoreaAccording to Yoon, Crypto.com is actively preparing to meet the requirements for obtaining a real-name account from a Korean commercial bank. In Korea, virtual asset trading platforms are legally obliged to secure such a bank account in order to support the trading of the nation’s fiat currency, the Korean won. The exchange secured virtual asset service provider registration in South Korea last year through the acquisition of Korea-based virtual asset exchange OK-BIT.Photo by Anna Evlanova on UnsplashCollaboration with Korean ent industryDuring the interview, Yoon emphasized the growing global popularity of Korean entertainment content, including drama and music. He mentioned that Crypto.com is engaging in discussions with various Korean intellectual property holders and entertainment studios to explore innovative ways to introduce Korean culture and art to international crypto audiences. Notable collaborators include entertainment company Fantagio, K-pop girl group Mamamoo, content studio Astory, and production house Studio Dragon.Crypto.com’s global presenceFounded in 2016, Crypto.com has garnered an impressive user base of 80 million worldwide. The crypto exchange has been actively obtaining regulatory approvals in many countries, including France, the United Kingdom, Dubai, Australia, Italy, Greece, and the Cayman Islands.Recent developmentsCrypto.com also recently obtained a virtual asset service provider registration from the Bank of Spain, the central bank of Spain. Prior to this accomplishment, the company received a Major Payment Institution (MPI) license from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), the central bank of Singapore. While Crypto.com continues to make progress in various jurisdictions, it made the strategic decision to discontinue its institutional offering in the United States due to limited demand in that particular market.