Zetrix launches product to simplify KYC for Chinese nationals

Japan is taking steps to approve exchange-traded funds (ETFs) tracking spot cryptocurrency prices, a regulatory shift that could take effect as early as 2028, according to a CoinPost report citing a Jan. 25 article by Nikkei.Photo by Jezael Melgoza on UnsplashThe timeline reflects the legislative steps required before retail investors can access digital assets through traditional brokerage accounts. Japan’s financial regulator, the Financial Services Agency (FSA), plans to amend investment regulations to permit cryptocurrencies as eligible assets for investment trusts. SBI, Nomura prepare crypto productsAccording to the report, major financial heavyweights, including SBI Holdings and Nomura Holdings, are already developing products in anticipation of regulatory approval. If cleared by the Tokyo Stock Exchange, the listings would allow Japanese investors to trade Bitcoin products alongside standard stock or gold ETFs. Institutional interest appears robust. A Nikkei survey conducted in November identified six major firms weighing the development of crypto investment trusts: Nomura Asset Management, SBI Global Asset Management, Daiwa, Asset Management One, Amova, and Mitsubishi UFJ. These companies are reportedly exploring products tailored for both retail and institutional clients. However, the 2028 target is largely dictated by the pace of tax reform. Government plans call for crypto profits to be taxed at a uniform 20%, replacing the current progressive system and putting digital assets on the same footing as equities and foreign exchange. The revised tax treatment would also apply to crypto ETFs and derivatives. At present, crypto gains are treated as miscellaneous income, leaving investors subject to progressive tax rates that can climb to roughly 55% once local levies are included. Crypto market slides amid volatility As Japan maps out its long-term regulatory course, recent market activity has been volatile, tied to potential currency interventions and U.S. political uncertainty. Bitcoin briefly surged to $91,000 over the weekend, a move CoinDesk reports some traders attribute to suspected Japanese intervention in the foreign exchange market. The theory suggests a transient reversal in the yen’s recent weakness forced an unwinding of leveraged carry trades, temporarily boosting the world’s largest cryptocurrency. However, the momentum was short-lived. Bitcoin is currently trading near $87,500, down 1.45% over the previous 24 hours. Market sentiment has been dampened by fears of a U.S. government shutdown and renewed trade tensions. On the prediction market platform Polymarket, participants have priced in a 78% chance of another government shutdown by Jan. 31. Compounding investor anxiety are President Donald Trump’s tariff threats. Trump recently warned he would impose 100% tariffs on Canada should the U.S. neighbor sign a trade deal with China. Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney has since announced that Ottawa has no plans to forge such an agreement, according to CNBC. Monetary policy remains a headwind for risk assets. Ahead of the Federal Reserve’s interest rate decision this week, the CME FedWatch Tool indicates traders expect the central bank to hold rates steady in the 3.5% to 3.75% range at the Jan. 28 meeting. Markets are pricing in only a 2.8% chance of a 0.5% cut. The prospect of rates remaining unchanged offers little incentive for investors to pivot aggressively toward riskier assets like crypto. Gold, silver reach record levels This risk-averse environment has funneled capital into precious metals, driving prices to record levels. Both gold and silver have hit all-time highs, surpassing $5,000 per ounce and $106 per ounce, respectively. Amid the uncertainty, retail investors in neighboring markets are showing caution. In South Korea, a weekly survey by CoinNess and Cratos of 2,000 respondents found that 43.2% of investors are holding existing crypto positions without making additional purchases. Another 22.7% said they are actively trading, while 21.4% reported having no current position and waiting for a more favorable entry point. The remaining 12.7% said they are staying out of the market entirely. 

Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the independent state agency responsible for oversight and development of the Southeast Asian nation’s capital markets, is seeking public commentary on the updated set of rules it has proposed to regulate initial coin offering (ICO) portals.  In a notice published on its website on July 18, the SEC outlined that it is seeking public comments in relation to the criteria it has established for investor communication and service provision by ICO portals as part of its proposed regulations.Photo by Alin Meceanu on UnsplashEasing knowledge test requirementsThe regulations had been approved in principle last month and put an onus on ICO portals to ensure that retail investors take a knowledge test and pass that test before they are permitted to participate in trading ICO tokens. The current regulations stipulate that retail investors must undertake knowledge tests on an ongoing three-monthly basis. The updated regulations propose that ICO portals conduct suitability tests that are sufficiently comprehensive such that the investor understands the risks associated with any potential ICO-related investment. The SEC stated that the objective is that the investor has “a risk tolerance level appropriate and in alignment with the product risk.” Instead of quarterly knowledge tests, the proposed regulations require suitability assessments to be carried out once every two years. In this way, the commission believes that it will reduce the administrative burden for ICO portals while reducing friction for the investor. It stated: “These proposed requirements are in line with regulatory practices applicable to both securities and digital asset business operators.” Jagdish Pandya, founder of blockchain venture builder BlockOn Ventures, told Decrypt that “Thailand has been a first mover for crypto regulations and the SEC has played a pivotal role in providing all regulated activities and licenses, much ahead of Singapore, Malaysia, Philippines, and Vietnam in South East Asia.”  Moving past previous ICO market failuresPandya added that the proposed suitability tests would protect “amateur investors” from piling into ICOs and losing their funds like in the “old ICO scam era.” ICOs first gained significant popularity in 2017 as the crypto market started to expand. Around $6.2 billion in funding was raised by a broad range of crypto projects in that year. However, a complete lack of regulation at the time meant that the ICO marketplace was laden with outright scams. ICOs were being hyped up in pump-and-dump schemes, with investors losing most, if not all, of their funds as the fraudulent ICO promoters rug-pulled them, abandoning the projects and taking off with the ICO funding. Thailand’s existing ICO portal regulations were introduced in November 2023. The regulations require project promoters to make disclosures with regard to project creditworthiness and risk for debt-like tokens with a predetermined fixed rate of return.  Those promoting infrastructure-backed tokens, which allow the token holder to earn a revenue share from infrastructure projects, are subject to rules regarding items such as due diligence, asset valuation and issuer asset management.

Strengthened KYC Spurs More Suspicious Transaction Reports from Korean Crypto ExchangesIn South Korea this year, there has been a significant surge in the number of suspicious transaction reports (STRs) related to cryptocurrencies, according to local news agency Yonhap.This increase is primarily attributed to cryptocurrency exchanges fortifying their Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures. This proactive response follows the controversy surrounding lawmaker Kim Nam-kuk’s significant virtual asset holdings, which were unveiled in May. His scandal came to light when a substantial amount of WEMIX tokens, valued in billions of Korean won, were transferred from the Bithumb exchange to the Upbit exchange. Upbit, deeming it a suspicious transaction, promptly reported the matter to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC).Photo by ron dyar on UnsplashGrowing number of suspicious transaction reportsAs the scandal continued to gain traction, the political realm reached a consensus to conduct investigations into the cryptocurrency holdings of all lawmakers. Additionally, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea initiated the tracking of all lawmakers’ cryptocurrency holdings last month, a process set to span 90 days.Data received by lawmaker Yoon Young-deok on October 30 from the FIU reveals that the number of STRs originating from virtual asset service providers (VASPs) has reached 11,646 in the first nine months of this year. This figure has already exceeded last year’s total of 10,797 STRs.Under the current Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information, commonly referred to as the Financial Transaction Reporting Act, VASPs are mandated to report to the FIU if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that a customer’s financial transactions are connected to illicit property, money laundering, or terrorist financing. The Act has been in full effect since October 2021.In 2021, a total of 199 reports were submitted under this Act. The number of reports surged to over 10,000 the following year, and in the current year, it continues to grow at an even faster rate. The FIU reviews and analyzes these STRs in accordance with Article 10 of the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. It forwards the relevant information to law enforcement agencies only when it is deemed necessary for the investigation of a specific criminal case.Enhanced but varied approaches by exchangesCrypto exchanges have bolstered their customer verification requirements, especially for customers deemed to have a high risk of involvement in money laundering, in accordance with the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. This entails the need for additional scrutiny of the source of funds and the purpose behind transactions. Notably, if customer verification appears suspicious, exchanges are mandated to confirm the authenticity of the information using reliable documents.However, it’s important to note that the enforcement decree accompanying this Act grants exchanges the flexibility to verify documents based on their own business guidelines. This autonomy has been provided to assist exchanges in effectively mitigating money laundering risks by taking into account their individual business rights and characteristics.For instance, Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, has implemented a fraud detection system (FDS) powered by artificial intelligence to continuously monitor and identify fraudulent transactions. This initiative has earned Upbit recognition from the FIU as an outstanding organization for reporting suspicious transactions during the first half of this year.On the contrary, Bithumb has devised and applies internal guidelines dedicated to anti-money laundering (AML) measures. The exchange has instituted a streamlined customer verification process for customers who are assessed as having a low likelihood of being engaged in money laundering activities. However, this simplified process is not extended to individuals from countries that have not adopted the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).Korbit monitors information related to customer verification through a dedicated department. It declines transactions for customers who have not undergone sufficient verification and validation procedures.Coinone’s AML department examines customer transactions comprehensively. It maintains ongoing reviews of customer information, business operations, risk assessments, and the source of funds. If any of these aspects are found to be suspicious or inadequate, the AML department proceeds with additional customer verification, including the disclosure of the source of funds.Some raise concerns about the inconsistency in customer verification standards for AML and STRs across different exchanges. When one exchange flags a transaction as suspicious, another might see it as routine. Such discrepancies highlight the need for uniform guidelines. Addressing this, the Digital Asset eXchange Association (DAXA), consisting of Korea’s five leading currency exchanges — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax — has set up an AML division to devise standardized rules for STRs.