UAE exempts crypto from VAT

JPMorgan Adopts Blockchain for 24/7 Interbank Transactions in IndiaAmerican multinational financial services company JPMorgan Chase has partnered with six major Indian banks to introduce a blockchain-based platform that leverages the technology’s benefits to address the restraints of traditional finance.Photo by Naveed Ahmed on UnsplashInterbank settlementThe collaboration aims to enable interbank settlement of US dollar transactions in India’s Gujarat International Finance Tec-City (GIFT City), positioning it as an alternative trading center to Singapore and Dubai. That’s according to a report from Bloomberg, published on Monday. The participating banks in this pioneering initiative include HDFC Bank, ICICI Bank, Axis Bank, Yes Bank, IndusInd Bank, and JPMorgan’s own banking unit at GIFT City.Onyx blockchainThe blockchain project, utilizing JPMorgan’s Onyx platform, aims to expand the capacity of the existing settlement system. Kaustubh Kulkarni, JPMorgan’s senior country officer, stated that the platform will enable the participating banks to process instant transactions 24 hours a day, seven days a week. By leveraging blockchain technology, the interbank settlement process will become faster and more efficient, overcoming the current limitations of time and availability.Onyx blockchain was established in 2020 and serves as JPMorgan’s digital assets network. It was specifically designed with interbank settlement and wholesale payment transactions in mind.Reduced settlement timeUnder the prevailing interbank settlement system, transactions could take several hours to complete, and settlement is not available on weekends or public holidays. JPMorgan’s blockchain pilot, however, will remove these barriers, as Kulkarni explained: “By leveraging blockchain technology to facilitate transactions on a 24x7 basis, processing is instantaneous and enables GIFT City banks to support their own time-zone and operating hours.”This initiative not only addresses the operational challenges of interbank settlement but also serves New Delhi’s strategic goal of positioning GIFT City as a prominent alternative trading center. With the implementation of blockchain technology, GIFT City can provide a competitive advantage by offering efficient, real-time transaction capabilities.The success of Onyx is evident, as the bank reportedly processed nearly $700 billion in short-term loan transactions through the platform as of April 2023. The utilization of Onyx for the interbank dollar transfers in India further demonstrates JPMorgan’s commitment to exploring the potential of blockchain technology in the financial sector.Positioning for de-dollarizationAdditionally, JPMorgan’s involvement in this initiative aligns with the evolving landscape of global finance. The bank’s currency strategists have highlighted signs of emerging de-dollarization, with the US dollar’s share declining in foreign exchange reserves and exports. The adoption of blockchain technology for dollar transactions not only improves efficiency but also aligns with the changing dynamics of the global financial system.As JPMorgan launches the pilot project in collaboration with the Indian banks, the coming months will be crucial for analyzing the experiences and outcomes. This initiative marks a significant step towards streamlining financial operations, embracing innovative solutions, and strengthening India’s role in the adoption of blockchain technology within its financial infrastructure.

In a move aimed at boosting the Web3 sector, the adoption of investment tokens and the enhancement of startup financing, the Thai government recently approved a tax break for individuals holding such tokens.Photo by Nataliya Vaitkevich on PexelsIncentivizing crypto-based fundraisingThe decision, reported by local media as having been made on March 12, signifies a significant step towards incentivizing the use of investment tokens for fundraising purposes. Under the new regulations, capital gains derived from holding investment tokens will be exempt from personal income tax calculations. This exemption applies even if a 15% withholding tax had previously been deducted. The endorsement of this tax break by Thailand's cabinet underscores the government's interest in fostering economic growth and enhancing investment opportunities in the region. Kulaya Tantitemit, Director-General of Thailand's Revenue Department, emphasized the strategic importance of these tax measures, which have been made retrospectively effective from Jan. 1. The initiative is expected to stimulate fundraising activities through investment tokens, injecting vitality into the economy and paving the way for increased investment and job creation. However, it's worth noting that the tax break will only apply to individuals who refrain from seeking full or partial refunds of the deducted tax or claiming a deducted tax credit. Additionally, the government has extended tax incentives to investment token issuers, waiving corporate income tax as announced on March 7.Last month, the Thai Finance Ministry announced the exemption of digital asset trading activity from value-added tax (VAT). The VAT exemption is similarly designed to encourage the use of digital assets as an alternative fundraising mechanism. Potential $3.7B boostDeputy Government Spokesman Rachada Dhnadirek highlighted the significance of this move in diversifying fundraising avenues for firms, complementing traditional methods. The government anticipates that investment tokens will contribute approximately $3.7 billion to the economy over the next two years. While the recent tax break signals a positive step towards fostering a crypto-friendly environment in Thailand, the country's approach to crypto taxation has faced scrutiny from industry stakeholders in the past. Efforts by the Thai Revenue Department to tighten oversight and impose taxes on cryptocurrency trading were met with resistance from industry players concerned about the potential stifling effect on the sector's growth. In January 2022, the government's proposal to impose a 15% capital gains tax on crypto traders drew significant public backlash, leading to its suspension on Feb. 1 of the same year. Despite these challenges, Thailand has demonstrated a willingness to adapt its regulatory framework to accommodate the burgeoning crypto industry. Measures such as exempting traders on authorized exchanges from a 7% value-added tax (VAT) on crypto transactions, announced on March 8, 2022, underscore the government's efforts to create a conducive environment for crypto-related activities. The political backdrop in Thailand more recently is likely to be aiding the country in taking a more progressive stance where crypto is concerned. Last year, the country elected Srettha Thavisin as Prime Minister. In a prior role as CEO of real estate developer Sansiri, Thavisin oversaw the company’s involvement in digital asset-related activities. In January, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) removed the investment ceiling imposed on retail investors relative to participation in initial coin offerings (ICOs).

HKMA reflects on retail CBDC pilot phase one completionHong Kong’s Monetary Authority (HKMA), the Chinese territory’s central bank, recently released a report following the completion of phase one of its central bank digital currency (CBDC) pilot, highlighting the potential benefits of a retail CBDC, commonly referred to as e-HKD (digital Hong Kong dollar).Photo by Ruslan Bardash on UnsplashUndecided on full implementationIn a press release published by the HKMA on Monday, the authority clarified that the report underscores that while a retail CBDC could bring value to the payments ecosystem and unlock new economic transaction possibilities, in-depth investigation and evaluation are essential before considering large-scale implementation.At this stage, Hong Kong’s central bank has not committed to introducing an e-HKD, but the report sheds light on the prospects and challenges associated with such a move. The region has been signaling its intent to position itself as a hub for virtual assets, evident in the regulatory framework introduced in June and the granting of licenses to crypto trading platforms in August.Project e-HKD, initiated by the HKMA in 2021, is a significant step toward assessing the feasibility of a digital Hong Kong dollar. The pilot program was launched in November 2022 as part of the HKMA's “Fintech 2025” strategy. However, the HKMA remains cautious, as reflected in the comments of HKMA CEO Eddie Yue earlier this month. Yue told the South China Morning Post that the central bank is still waiting for greater clarity when it comes to the technological, legal and societal aspects of full implementation.Three core attributes identifiedThe report identifies three primary areas where an e-HKD could provide value: programmability, tokenization and atomic settlement. These attributes could lead to faster, more cost-efficient and more inclusive transactions. However, it’s essential to note that the 14 pilot programs conducted with 16 participating firms during phase one were executed on a small scale within a controlled environment.The phase one review highlights that the true potential and prerequisites for implementing an e-HKD on a larger scale depend on market developments and further investigation. It acknowledges that minor issues identified during the pilot phase could become more prominent or even unacceptable in a production environment.Gearing up for phase twoPhase one of the pilot program delved into various aspects, including full-fledged payments, offline payments, tokenized deposits, programmable payments and the settlement of Web3 transactions and tokenized assets. Hong Kong is now gearing up for phase two of the pilot, with plans to explore new use cases for an e-HKD and engage in more focused pilot initiatives. The goal is to understand how the e-HKD can facilitate innovative methods of transacting goods and services while maintaining financial stability.The HKMA’s stance on a retail CBDC places it at the center of a global debate. While the U.S. remains undecided on the issue, with the topic becoming contentious in presidential elections, India has forged ahead with plans for a retail CBDC. Meanwhile, Thailand’s central bank commenced a pilot project for a retail CBDC earlier this year.