Former Binance CEO advising Kyrgyzstan on blockchain & crypto

As Hong Kong approaches the culmination of the Securities and Futures Commission's (SFC) deadline for cryptocurrency exchanges to seek licenses, the regulator issued a reminder to investors about the potential risks associated with trading on unlicensed platforms.Photo by Jarrod Erbe on UnsplashUrging cautionIn a notice released on Monday, the SFC emphasized the importance of engaging exclusively with SFC-licensed virtual asset trading platforms (VATPs) to ensure investor protection. With only one month remaining for exchanges to apply for a license under the city's virtual asset regulation, the SFC urged investors to exercise caution when dealing with platforms that have not yet received approval.The SFC suggested that investors check the list of regulated platforms, which it maintains on its website. Within the notice, the regulator outlined that in the past, some platforms have claimed to be regulated entities when they were not compliant platforms and not adhering to existing regulations within the Chinese autonomous territory. The advisory comes after the fallout from a high-profile fraud incident involving the JPEX trading platform last fall, resulting in substantial losses of $192 million. Growing list of VATP license applicantsLast month, four additional crypto exchanges, including the KuCoin-affiliated HKVAEX and Singapore-based Bybit, joined the list of official VATP license applicants. The SFC began publishing this list in response to the JPEX scandal, underscoring the importance of regulatory compliance in the cryptocurrency sector. Hong Kong's virtual asset regulation, enacted as an amendment to the Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorist Financing Ordinance last year, stipulates that companies engaged in selling or marketing cryptocurrencies to Hong Kong residents must apply for a license by Feb. 29. Those failing to do so must cease business operations in the city by May 31. Currently, OSL and HashKey are the only licensed exchanges in Hong Kong, having received an earlier voluntary license that was later upgraded to include retail investors. These exchanges are operating under an interim solution permitted by the SFC, allowing retail investors to trade on their platforms. Setting a high barWhile 14 companies have formally submitted license applications to date, Patricia Ho, General Counsel for blockchain company Scroll, told the South China Morning Post (SCMP) that the stringent requirements set by Hong Kong have led to a selective process. Ho explained that the city has intentionally set a high bar for application submission, resulting in only the most committed and resourceful entities progressing to the application stage. Last month, it emerged that the SFC had acted to bolster investor protection by introducing a minimum insurance requirement of 50% for licensed crypto exchanges that handle customer funds. It is also planning to introduce a regulatory framework relative to crypto over-the-counter (OTC) trading desks. The SFC is also monitoring individual crypto projects, as last week, the regulator issued a stern warning to those behind the offering of the Floki and TokenFi staking programs. As the deadline approaches, Ho anticipates potential enforcement actions against smaller platforms operating in legal gray areas. Larger platforms, on the other hand, have already begun restricting access from Hong Kong. 

Thailand's government has recently secured approval for a $14 billion digital handout program as part of its economic recovery strategy. The program hasn’t come about without considerable debate and a backdrop of concerns expressed about the Southeast Asian nation's sluggish economic growth. According to Reuters, the decision was confirmed by Deputy Finance Minister Julapun Amornvivat, who stated that the Office of the Council of State, an advisory panel, found no legal obstacles to utilizing state budget funds for the initiative.Photo by Oleksandr P on PexelsDigital handout programThe digital handout program, a key policy of the ruling Pheu Thai party, involves distributing 10,000 baht (approximately $300) to digital wallets set up for each of the 50 million Thai citizens. This financial injection aims to stimulate spending within local communities, providing a much-needed boost to the economy. While the program has faced concerns about potential inflation risks due to Thailand's slow economic growth, the government has argued that it will ultimately benefit the economy. Julapun emphasized that the government plans to proceed with the scheme in May, funded through borrowing. Council of State and opposition party concernsEarlier reports had indicated that the Council of State had initially advised against the government's plan to enact a loan bill for the digital wallet scheme. Concerns were raised about potential violations of constitutional articles, including Article 140, which requires the government to offset any loans outside the budget bill in the next fiscal budget. In addition to inflation worries, the opposition expressed concerns about a potential breach of Article 53 of the 2018 State Fiscal and Financial Discipline Act, which permits off-budget borrowing only in urgent situations. Despite these concerns, the Office of the Council of State ultimately found no reason to prohibit the cabinet from borrowing to fund the program. Thailand's move towards a $14.3 billion cash handout program, termed the "digital wallet" program, is expected to commence by May. Prime Minister Srettha Thavisin affirmed this timeline after the Council of State's approval. The program, allowing Thais to receive funds via a mobile app, aims to spur consumption and overall economic growth. Election campaign giveawayThe idea of the digital asset giveaway was first floated by the Pheu Thai Party (PTP) in April of last year as part of its election manifesto. Subsequently, the party won the election in August, with Srettha being installed as Prime Minister. That appointment was interpreted as being a positive one by crypto advocates, given that Srettha had worked with crypto and blockchain-related technologies in his previous business dealings. Critics, including some economists and former central bank governors, argue that the handout plan could be fiscally irresponsible and fuel inflation. Prime Minister Srettha, who is also the finance minister, plans to discuss the stimulus plan and related matters with the central bank governor. The Thai Chamber of Commerce anticipates a 3% year-on-year growth in the first quarter of 2024, with an annual growth rate of 3.2%, driven by tourism and exports. The digital wallet scheme, if implemented as planned, could potentially add 1.0-1.5 percentage points to this year's growth, according to the chamber. 

Bhutan Quietly Mining Bitcoin Since $5,000The tiny nation of Bhutan continues to be full of surprises recently where crypto is concerned, with the latest report suggesting that the kingdom has been mining bitcoin for a number of years already.© Pexels/Pema GyamtshoAccording to a recent report in The Bhutanese, a Bhutan-based publication led by investigative journalist, Tenzing Lamsing, the landlocked nation had been mining bitcoin over the course of a “few years” already, in an effort to diversify its sovereign portfolio.Long-term investment strategyUjjwal Deep Dahal, CEO of Druk Holding and Investments (DHI), told the publication that the venture was part of a long-term investment strategy. DHI is the commercial arm of the Royal Government of Bhutan. It was formed pursuant to a Royal Charter in 2007 with the mandate of making investments on behalf of Bhutan while optimizing usage of resources.The mining activity had centered on Bitcoin although there was a small provision for Ethereum-based mining when Ethereum was a mineable proof-of-work (PoW)-based blockchain network. It’s unclear of the precise timeline but the report outlines that DHI has engaged in the mining space over a number of years, and at a time in which the Bitcoin unit price was as low as $5,000.Exploiting cheap hydroNestled in the Himalayas, Bhutan has considerable hydroelectric resources. Bitcoin mining is ordinarily an expensive exercise but in scenarios where there are plentiful energy resources with a marginally cheaper cost of production than the average, it can be an attractive and profitable enterprise. Dahal outlined that these conditions enabled DHI to reinvest profits back into additional mining equipment.The precise time-frame of DHIs entry into Bitcoin mining is open to speculation. However, we do know that the Bitcoin unit price was last below $5,000 at the onset of the pandemic in March 2020. Prior to that, Bitcoin had risen above $5,000 in April 2019 following an acute bear market in 2018.Crypto lender entanglementsBhutan and DHI hit the crypto radar last month when it was revealed that the kingdom had made significant investments into and out of failed crypto lenders Celsius and BlockFi. Dahal has said that the royal charter-mandated firm had taken out loans with both crypto lenders and had fully repaid those loans. However, that may have been something that happened later than anticipated. The Bhutanese company had a $30 million loan from BlockFi. BlockFi liquidated the Bitcoin collateral associated with that loan in 2022 but it left a shortfall of $800,000. The failed lender subsequently sued DHI. As of an April 13 court filing, BlockFi submitted a voluntary dismissal of the lawsuit to the courts, presumably because the shortfall was subsequently paid by DHI.In the case of Celsius, DHI had withdrawn $65 million from the lending platform prior to it declaring bankruptcy. Consequently, the matter has been the subject of speculation relative to the potential for the Celsius bankruptcy estate to pursue DHI for a clawback of the withdrawn funds.