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Strengthened KYC Spurs More Suspicious Transaction Reports from Korean Crypto ExchangesIn South Korea this year, there has been a significant surge in the number of suspicious transaction reports (STRs) related to cryptocurrencies, according to local news agency Yonhap.This increase is primarily attributed to cryptocurrency exchanges fortifying their Know Your Customer (KYC) procedures. This proactive response follows the controversy surrounding lawmaker Kim Nam-kuk’s significant virtual asset holdings, which were unveiled in May. His scandal came to light when a substantial amount of WEMIX tokens, valued in billions of Korean won, were transferred from the Bithumb exchange to the Upbit exchange. Upbit, deeming it a suspicious transaction, promptly reported the matter to the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) of the Financial Services Commission (FSC).Photo by ron dyar on UnsplashGrowing number of suspicious transaction reportsAs the scandal continued to gain traction, the political realm reached a consensus to conduct investigations into the cryptocurrency holdings of all lawmakers. Additionally, the National Human Rights Commission of Korea initiated the tracking of all lawmakers’ cryptocurrency holdings last month, a process set to span 90 days.Data received by lawmaker Yoon Young-deok on October 30 from the FIU reveals that the number of STRs originating from virtual asset service providers (VASPs) has reached 11,646 in the first nine months of this year. This figure has already exceeded last year’s total of 10,797 STRs.Under the current Act on Reporting and Using Specified Financial Transaction Information, commonly referred to as the Financial Transaction Reporting Act, VASPs are mandated to report to the FIU if they have reasonable grounds to suspect that a customer’s financial transactions are connected to illicit property, money laundering, or terrorist financing. The Act has been in full effect since October 2021.In 2021, a total of 199 reports were submitted under this Act. The number of reports surged to over 10,000 the following year, and in the current year, it continues to grow at an even faster rate. The FIU reviews and analyzes these STRs in accordance with Article 10 of the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. It forwards the relevant information to law enforcement agencies only when it is deemed necessary for the investigation of a specific criminal case.Enhanced but varied approaches by exchangesCrypto exchanges have bolstered their customer verification requirements, especially for customers deemed to have a high risk of involvement in money laundering, in accordance with the Financial Transaction Reporting Act. This entails the need for additional scrutiny of the source of funds and the purpose behind transactions. Notably, if customer verification appears suspicious, exchanges are mandated to confirm the authenticity of the information using reliable documents.However, it’s important to note that the enforcement decree accompanying this Act grants exchanges the flexibility to verify documents based on their own business guidelines. This autonomy has been provided to assist exchanges in effectively mitigating money laundering risks by taking into account their individual business rights and characteristics.For instance, Upbit, South Korea’s largest cryptocurrency exchange, has implemented a fraud detection system (FDS) powered by artificial intelligence to continuously monitor and identify fraudulent transactions. This initiative has earned Upbit recognition from the FIU as an outstanding organization for reporting suspicious transactions during the first half of this year.On the contrary, Bithumb has devised and applies internal guidelines dedicated to anti-money laundering (AML) measures. The exchange has instituted a streamlined customer verification process for customers who are assessed as having a low likelihood of being engaged in money laundering activities. However, this simplified process is not extended to individuals from countries that have not adopted the recommendations of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF).Korbit monitors information related to customer verification through a dedicated department. It declines transactions for customers who have not undergone sufficient verification and validation procedures.Coinone’s AML department examines customer transactions comprehensively. It maintains ongoing reviews of customer information, business operations, risk assessments, and the source of funds. If any of these aspects are found to be suspicious or inadequate, the AML department proceeds with additional customer verification, including the disclosure of the source of funds.Some raise concerns about the inconsistency in customer verification standards for AML and STRs across different exchanges. When one exchange flags a transaction as suspicious, another might see it as routine. Such discrepancies highlight the need for uniform guidelines. Addressing this, the Digital Asset eXchange Association (DAXA), consisting of Korea’s five leading currency exchanges — Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax — has set up an AML division to devise standardized rules for STRs.

Bitkub Addresses Market Conditions Thru Job CutsBitkub Capital Group, the parent company of Thailand’s largest digital asset exchange Bitkub Online, has made adjustments to its workforce and employee benefits in an effort to manage costs during challenging economic conditions.Photo by Braden Jarvis on Unsplash5.5% staff reductionAccording to a statement released on Wednesday, approximately 5.5% of personnel within the Bitkub Capital Group have been let go, while around 2% of staff at Bitkub Online were also affected.Contrary to reports in local media suggesting that half of the company’s employees were terminated in late June, Bitkub Capital Group clarified that the reduction in workforce was relatively small compared to the overall number of employees in the group.Change in employee benefitsThe company did not provide specific details about the changes in employee benefits, only stating that one perk had been removed. The decision to implement these measures stems from the current economic downturn and the need to manage costs effectively, Bitkub explained.Bitkub Capital recorded a net profit of 1.3 billion baht ($37.49 million) in 2022, marking the second consecutive year of profitability for the company. However, net profit declined by 39% compared to the previous year, falling from 2.1 billion baht in 2021. Expenses also surged from 117 million baht in 2021 to 394 million baht in 2022.Bitkub Capital Group encompasses various entities in addition to the crypto exchange, including Bitkub Ventures (the venture capital arm), Bitkub Labs (also known as Bitkub Academy, the education arm), Bitkub Blockchain Technology (a consulting company focused on blockchain), and Bitkub Infinity (a portfolio management service provider).Bitkub Online, the crypto exchange unit, reported a profit of 341 million baht for the financial year ending on December 31, 2022, representing an 86% decline compared to the previous year. Total revenues for 2022 amounted to 2.8 billion baht, which marked a significant decrease of 48% compared to its peak performance in 2021 when it generated 5.5 billion baht in revenue.In a separate development, Asphere International, a game publisher listed on the Bangkok Stock Exchange, recently acquired a 9.22% stake in Bitkub Online for 600 million baht, valuing the startup at 6.5 billion baht.Broader regional trendThe downsizing at Bitkub reflects a broader trend among technology companies in the region. In June, aCommerce, a local e-commerce enabler, laid off at least 20 employees citing similar economic challenges. The same month, Grab, the Singapore-based ride-hailing and food delivery giant, announced a significant round of layoffs, with 1,000 employees, including the Thailand team, being let go.Bitkub’s decision to adjust its workforce and streamline employee benefits is a response to the economic headwinds it faces. It’s not the company’s first setback. Last year, Thailand’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) penalized the firm’s CTO, Samret Wajanasathain, on the basis of insider trading.The cyclical nature of the digital asset exchange business means that Bitkub can seek to weather this storm and benefit from the upside once market conditions inevitably become more favorable in the not too distant future.

In a recent survey conducted by personal finance management solutions provider Seedly, together with global crypto exchange Coinbase, it was discovered that over 56% of Singaporeans currently own cryptocurrency, with nearly half expressing bullish sentiments regarding its future prospects over the 12 months of this year.Photo by Zhu Hongzhi on UnsplashFuture of financeTitled "The Pulse of Crypto Singapore Report," the study surveyed 2,006 Singaporean adults across various age groups and household incomes from October to November 2023. Survey participants were deemed to be “finance forward Singapore-based adults who have a strong interest in personal finance and investments.” It determined that 56% of respondents believe cryptocurrency represents the future of finance. Participants cited short-term profitability, long-term capital appreciation and portfolio diversification as key factors driving their optimism. The report’s authors speculate that this optimism is also due to the city-state’s approach to digital assets and the regulatory framework that has been put in place by the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS). Yeap Ming Feng, head of marketing at Seedly, also attributed the optimism towards crypto to Singapore's vibrant Web3 ecosystem, which fosters collaboration among builders, investors and users. When selecting a crypto exchange for trading, crypto owners prioritize security, low fees, regulation and ease of use. Coinbase, one of the report’s facilitators, doubled down on its operations in Singapore in 2023, acquiring a Major Payment Institution (MPI) license from the Singaporean regulator, enabling it to expand its product offering. It extended its offering further last month when it launched USD transfers via SWIFT. Notably, the survey identified staking as the most prevalent use case for cryptocurrency in the city-state.  Non-crypto user concernsHowever, the study unveiled that non-crypto users harbor concerns about market volatility (57%), high risk (53%) and the absence of regulation (45%) in the crypto space. Singapore was disproportionately affected by the demise of a number of crypto platforms in 2022. An outsize number of citizens were caught up in the FTX collapse having utilized that crypto exchange instead of Binance, which had been prohibited from trading within the territory. Singapore was also home to failed crypto lenders such as Vauld and Hodlnaut, failed crypto hedge fund Three Arrows Capital (3AC) and UST stablecoin developer Terraform Labs. These high-profile crypto failures so close to home are unlikely to have put crypto skeptics at ease in Singapore where the consideration of risk relative to digital assets is concerned. That said, MAS is actively working towards implementing additional rules to safeguard Singaporean investors. Despite these reservations, the survey underscores a growing interest in and adoption of cryptocurrencies among the financially aware population in Singapore. This trend aligns with Singapore's commitment to remaining a leader in Asia for crypto readiness and supports the city-state's vision of becoming a global digital asset hub. The study also highlighted the progress that the crypto market in general made recently. Over the course of 2023, crypto market capitalization has gained momentum, from $829 billion at the outset of the year, culminating at $1.72 trillion towards the end of the year, according to a report by CoinGekco.