Ishiba’s exit raises questions over Japan’s crypto policy direction

HKEX Launches Blockchain-Based Settlement PlatformHong Kong Exchanges and Clearing Limited (HKEX) has unveiled a blockchain-based settlement platform in a move that could potentially transform the landscape of international stock trading, bolstering transparency, efficiency, and operational security.Photo by Ruslan Bardash on UnsplashHKEX SynapseAccording to an announcement on Wednesday (local time), the new platform is called Synapse, and it is set to launch on October 9. The platform utilizes smart contracts developed in the DAML programming language, offering a range of benefits for market participants.Synapse’s primary objective is to streamline post-trade workflows, minimize settlement risks, and enhance transparency in the financial markets. It will be deployed on HKEX’s Stock Connect, a program that allows international investors access to over 1,000 mainland Chinese stocks through Hong Kong routing.With an average daily turnover of RMB 109.3 billion ($15.18 billion) in the first half of 2023, up 5% from the previous year, with a 50% increase from 2020 levels, Stock Connect has established itself as an important channel for international investment.DAML-based smart contractsOne of Synapse’s standout features is its use of DAML, an open-source smart contract language. DAML has the capability to synchronize data across both blockchains and centralized databases, which can significantly improve operational efficiency. By incorporating smart contracts into the settlement process, Synapse enables automatic generation of settlement instructions, reducing the time and manual effort required for trade confirmation. This not only reduces the likelihood of errors but also accelerates settlement, enhancing liquidity and boosting investor confidence.Additionally, Synapse facilitates concurrent processing by simultaneously generating settlement instructions for all parties involved in the trade. This near-instantaneous status update mechanism is especially crucial when connecting traders across different markets. HKEX’s connection to Hong Kong’s Depository Trust and Clearing Corporation via its Institutional Trade Processing service further centralizes cross-border transaction matching, creating a robust ecosystem for seamless trading.Synapse’s launch reflects HKEX’s interest in nurturing international participation where Mainland China’s equity markets are concerned. Glenda So, HKEX Group Head of Emerging Business and FIC, expressed her enthusiasm for the platform’s potential to strengthen both market and investor growth strategies. She believes that Synapse will not only enhance post-trade efficiencies but also contribute to building a more resilient financial ecosystem.Established interest in crypto/blockchainThis is not HKEX’s first expression of interest in blockchain-based technology. In a report it published earlier this year, the Hong Kong stock exchange concluded that crypto exchange-traded funds (ETFs) have the potential to play an important part in building the next phase of digital asset expansion in Asia. Trading in the first crypto ETFs commenced on the platform in December of last year.It’s worth noting that Hong Kong has been rapidly evolving into a hub for Web3 firms, further emphasizing the importance of platforms like Synapse to enhance the efficiency and security of financial transactions in this dynamic environment. While developments in the crypto space are ongoing, Synapse’s blockchain-based settlement platform represents yet another milestone in the evolution of crypto and blockchain-centric financial infrastructure in the region.

After being targeted in a $1.4 billion hack, the global crypto exchange platform Bybit was awarded in-principle approval to establish itself as a Virtual Asset Platform Operator (VAPO) within the United Arab Emirates (UAE). While Bybit announced the milestone via a press release published on Feb. 27, the approval had been awarded on Feb. 18, three days before the platform was hacked.Photo by Saj Shafique on UnsplashRegulatory challengesIn addition to the recent exploit, the crypto exchange platform had been having difficulties on the regulatory front in recent months, and from that perspective, this licensing award is a welcome development. Last December, the Malaysian Securities Commission reprimanded the platform and its CEO, Ben Zhou, for carrying out digital asset trading activities in Malaysia without having obtained the necessary licensing. Consequently, the firm left the Malaysian market, promising to return once it had obtained the required licenses. For similar reasons, Bybit left the Indian market in January, citing a need to “operate in full compliance” with local regulations. The company said that it was working with the regulator to finalize its registration as a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) in India. The platform also experienced difficulties in complying with the recently introduced Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) regulation in Europe. However, it has been working with regulators in Austria in an effort to acquire MiCA licensing. Consequently, the French regulator, Autorité des Marchés Financiers, removed the firm from its blacklist. Earlier this month, Japan’s Financial Services Agency (FSA) ordered Apple and Google to remove the apps of a number of unregistered crypto platforms, including Bybit, from the Japanese versions of their app stores.  Commenting on this recent achievement in the UAE, Ben Zhou stated: “This approval marks a crucial step in our journey to providing secure and transparent crypto trading solutions. Bybit remains dedicated to working hand-in-hand with regulators to foster a compliant and innovative digital asset ecosystem to both retail and institutional investors in the UAE.” Hack falloutIt’s unclear to what extent the recent hack, which is understood to be one of the largest thefts of any kind, may be diverting resources and focus away from the efforts the company was making to address regulatory issues globally. However, it’s reasonable to assume that recent events make for a challenging time for the company. On Feb. 26, the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in the United States said that North Korea was responsible for the hack. The agency warned exchanges to freeze transactions linked to the stolen funds. The FBI outlined that “TraderTraitor” actors have been converting the funds to Bitcoin and other digital assets in an effort to launder the funds and eventually extract the funds in fiat currency. North Korea’s Lazarus hacking group has gained notoriety for its successes in hacking crypto platforms and the sophisticated nature of the attacks mounted in the process. The group is suspected of having hacked the Indian crypto platform WazirX last year, which resulted in the theft of $235 million in digital assets.

Venture Smart Financial Holdings Ltd. (VSFG), a Hong Kong-based financial services company, is gearing up to initiate an exchange-traded fund (ETF) directly investing in bitcoin in the first quarter of this year.Photo by Kanchanara on UnsplashThat’s according to a report by Bloomberg on Friday. The move aligns with Hong Kong's strategic efforts to establish itself as a digital asset hub, and with that, the company plans to submit an application to the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) for ETF approval. Brian Chan, the group head of investment and product at VSFG, expressed optimism about the potential of this market, setting a goal of achieving $500 million in assets under management by the end of the year. Long-term objectiveWhile the firm has taken the decision to focus on spot crypto ETFs amid a backdrop of spot bitcoin ETF approval in the United States earlier this month, it’s an objective the firm has been working on for some time. In June of last year, crypto media reported that VSFG were planning the launch of such a product. Notwithstanding that intention, the recent launch of several high-profile bitcoin funds in the United States, including offerings from BlackRock and Fidelity Investments, will likely assist the company in getting product approval in Hong Kong. Immediately following U.S. approval, a Hong Kong lawmaker suggested that the Chinese autonomous territory should respond proactively. Johnny Ng outlined that Hong Kong had to respond to secure its global position in developing the digital assets space in Hong Kong. Positive soundingsTowards the end of December, there appeared to be positive soundings on the possibility of spot bitcoin ETF approval in Hong Kong emerging from the local regulator. SFC CEO Julia Leung stated that the regulator was open to the notion of retail participation in spot crypto ETF products. Her comment was followed shortly afterwards by a joint announcement from the SFC alongside the Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) that they were prepared to accept applications for such funds. The approval process for such products typically takes weeks to months, following the precedent of traditional ETFs. Hong Kong presently permits futures-based crypto ETFs, with three already listed: CSOP Bitcoin Futures, CSOP Ether Futures and Samsung Bitcoin Futures. However, these funds have a combined asset value of around $50 million. Samsung Asset Management has not ruled out exploring the launch of a spot ETF, while CSOP Asset Management remains silent on the matter. VSFG is one of Hong Kong's first SFC-approved virtual asset managers, offering both traditional and digital wealth management services. Aegis Custody, a digital asset custodian, is in discussions with four asset managers about listing spot crypto products in Hong Kong. The regulatory requirements in the city may lead issuers to impose higher fees compared to the low management levies seen in many new U.S. spot bitcoin ETFs. Although bitcoin experienced substantial growth in anticipation of these U.S. products, it has seen a 10% decline since their trading commenced on Jan. 11. Nevertheless, many industry commentators expect a stronger bitcoin unit price in the medium to long term as a direct consequence of these products.