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Dubai bars privacy coins from exchanges amid global AML push

Policy & Regulation·January 13, 2026, 6:42 AM

Cryptocurrency exchanges operating in the Dubai International Financial Centre (DIFC), a financial hub in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), entered a new compliance environment on Jan. 12 as updated Crypto Token rules issued by the Dubai Financial Services Authority (DFSA) came into force. The revised framework bars exchanges from offering certain digital assets.

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Privacy tokens restricted to private wallets

The affected assets are privacy tokens like Zcash (ZEC) and Monero (XMR), although the restriction does not prevent Dubai residents from holding those coins in private wallets. The move is aimed at addressing anti-money laundering (AML) and sanctions compliance risks.

 

The exclusion of privacy tokens reflects alignment with global compliance standards, according to Elisabeth Wallace, Associate Director of Policy & Legal at the DFSA. She told CoinDesk that bans of this kind are effectively inevitable if crypto businesses want to align with standards set by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF), given that privacy tokens are designed to obscure transaction histories and the identities of holders.

 

The revised rules extend beyond token classifications, preventing regulated firms from deploying or providing tools designed to mask blockchain activity. These include mixers, tumblers, and other technologies that obscure transaction information.

 

At the same time, the DFSA refined its classification of what it terms “Fiat Crypto Tokens,” limiting the category to tokens pegged to fiat currencies and backed by high-quality, liquid assets capable of meeting redemption requests under market stress. Under this definition, algorithmic stablecoins such as Ethena (ENA) would not qualify as stablecoins, though they would still be treated as cryptocurrencies.

 

The update also alters how token eligibility is determined. Rather than maintaining a centralized list of approved assets, the DFSA now requires licensed firms to carry out their own assessments of the crypto assets they offer, document those judgments, and keep them under ongoing review.

 

Thailand enforces crypto travel rule

Comparable regulatory tightening is unfolding elsewhere in Asia. In Thailand, during a high-level meeting on Jan. 9, Prime Minister Anutin Charnvirakul said the Securities and Exchange Commission had been instructed to strictly enforce the travel rule, according to The Nation Thailand. The international standard requires crypto service providers to verify both senders and recipients in wallet-to-wallet transfers.

 

The directive forms part of a broader government initiative to establish a national data bureau, envisioned as a centralized platform for real-time monitoring of suspicious transactions and the development of detailed financial risk profiles.

 

In South Korea, enforcement actions have similarly intensified. According to Dailian, Korbit, the country’s fourth-largest crypto exchange, paid a 2.73 billion won ($1.9 million) fine imposed by the Financial Information Unit (FIU) under the Financial Services Commission (FSC) for violations of anti-money laundering (AML) rules. The payment followed a board decision and was made within a reduced-penalty period, allowing Korbit to receive a 20% discount.

 

Crypto firms comprise 77% of Korean fines

A broader review of penalties issued by the FIU since the disclosure of its sanctions guidelines shows that 77% of total fines were levied against virtual asset service providers (VASPs). While an analysis by Digital Asset found that only four of 95 fine cases issued since August 2023 involved VASPs, those cases accounted for a disproportionately large total of 41.8 billion won ($28.4 million).

 

Exchanges fined to date include Delio, Hanbitco Korea, Dunamu—the operator of Upbit—and Korbit, with Dunamu receiving the largest penalty imposed by the FIU to date. The sanctions were linked to alleged know-your-customer (KYC) failures, unreported transactions involving individuals subject to warrants, and shortcomings in systems designed to detect suspicious activity.

 

Separately, the FIU had issued disciplinary measures against Dunamu, including a warning to its chief executive and a three-month partial suspension of operations, which the company is contesting in court. The next hearing is scheduled for February. In overall fine totals, casinos ranked behind crypto firms, underscoring how enforcement against crypto intermediaries has been particularly robust, as oversight patterns continue to evolve.

 

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Nov 02, 2023

Hong Kong’s HaskKey launches app following regulatory approval

Hong Kong’s HaskKey launches app following regulatory approvalHong Kong-based cryptocurrency firm HashKey has unveiled the HashKey Exchange app, which has received the approval of the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC).News of the app launch emerged following insights shared by HashKey’s Chief Operating Officer, Livio Weng, in an interview with The Block recently.Photo by Manson Yim on UnsplashAppealing to retail tradersThe HashKey Exchange app went live on Wednesday, having received regulatory clearance from Hong Kong’s securities regulator the previous Friday. This achievement allows the app to offer full mobile trading capabilities. Prior to this milestone, HashKey had been primarily catering to professional investors under a voluntary licensing scheme.With the new app, Hongkongers can now conveniently purchase bitcoin and ether, utilizing either Hong Kong dollars or US dollars, directly from their local bank accounts. The app launch is significant as HashKey has become one of Hong Kong’s first fully compliant retail-facing crypto trading platforms. “We’ve recorded large trading volume since we began to serve retail users,” Weng stated. The move aligns with the Hong Kong government’s efforts to bolster the virtual asset sector, which was set in motion one year ago with various policy shifts.These shifts included the introduction of a mandatory licensing scheme for cryptocurrency platforms, enabling them to offer tokens with large market capitalizations to retail traders. The new licensing regulations officially took effect in June, with a one-year grace period, though no new exchanges have been approved to date. HashKey and its rival, OSL, had their previous licenses upgraded in August.Developmental challengesHong Kong has faced several challenges on this journey. While the new regulations are largely in line with international norms, the process has been notably expensive, particularly against the backdrop of a bearish crypto market.The lingering fallout from the JPEX scandal, a cryptocurrency exchange allegedly involved in fraudulent activities, continues to impact Hong Kong’s virtual asset landscape. The SFC first raised concerns about JPEX in mid-September, and since then, it has moved to tighten regulation in response, having received thousands of complaints in relation to JPEX.Despite these challenges, HashKey Group has reported significant activity on its retail platform since its launch in August, with a total trading volume exceeding US$600 million. On October 30, the 24-hour trading volume exceeded US$100 million.Planned token launchIn a move designed to incentivize new users, HashKey Exchange has introduced its platform token, HSK, which is slated to be officially listed on the exchange next year. With a total supply of 1 billion HSK, the company has specified that these tokens will not be initially sold to retail investors, emphasizing its long-term vision for the project.Established in Hong Kong in 2018, HashKey Group operates a digital asset brokerage and a venture capital arm. HashKey Exchange earned the distinction of becoming Hong Kong’s second licensed exchange in November of the previous year, following in the footsteps of OSL. Notably, five companies have applied for the new licensing scheme, according to the SFC, while several other exchanges have expressed their intent to pursue similar approval.

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Policy & Regulation·

Aug 19, 2023

Singaporean Authorities Uncover $1.3M Crypto Mining Scam

Singaporean Authorities Uncover $1.3M Crypto Mining ScamFour foreign nationals are facing charges in a Singaporean court related to a cryptocurrency mining investment scheme that allegedly cheated investors out of over S$1.8 million ($1.3 million).According to reports in local media, the accused individuals are associated with A&A Blockchain Technology Innovation, a Singaporean company that was previously investigated for potential cheating offenses related to the very same crypto mining scheme in 2022. The accused include Dutch national Yang Bin, who was the Chairman of A&A Blockchain at the time of the offenses, and Lu Huangbin, Wang Xinghong, and Chen Wei, who held various roles within the company. Lu, Wang, and Chen are Chinese nationals.Photo by Arul Kumaran on UnsplashConspiracy to cheat chargesThe four individuals are collectively facing twelve counts of engaging in a conspiracy to cheat, involving the aforementioned sum of money. Additionally, they are charged with carrying out payment services without the required license.The charges are connected to a cryptocurrency mining investment scheme offered by A&A Blockchain between May 2021 and February 2022. The scheme promised investors a fixed daily return of 0.5 percent, luring them in by falsely claiming ownership of a large number of cryptocurrency mining machines.Unlicensed crypto exchangeDuring the period of August 2021 to February 2022, A&A Blockchain operated a cryptocurrency exchange named AAEX, facilitating the trading of multiple cryptocurrencies. However, the company operated without a proper license from the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) for providing payment services in the country.Under the Penal Code, those convicted of cheating offenses can face penalties that include fines, imprisonment for up to a decade, or both. The accused face a total of 12 cheating charges, out of which 10 are amalgamated charges. If convicted of an amalgamated charge, the punishment could be doubled for a single incident of the offense. Furthermore, engaging in payment services without the necessary license can lead to a jail term of up to three years, a fine reaching S$125,000 ($92,000), or both.The cases against Chen, Wang, and Yang have been adjourned until next month. Meanwhile, Lu’s pretrial conference is scheduled for a later date in September. The charges against these individuals come in the wake of a large-scale operation targeting anti-money laundering offenses within the city-state.The operation resulted in the arrest and charging of ten individuals suspected of forgery, money laundering, and resisting arrest. The group had reportedly amassed assets worth approximately S$1 billion ($736 million), residing in affluent properties and owning luxury vehicles.Good actorsThe nascent nature of crypto is being used as a cover for scammers and while those bad actors get a disproportionate level of coverage, there are plenty of good actors engaging positively with the innovation at hand.As an example of genuine efforts being made in crypto mining, Beijing-based Canaan, a leading mining equipment manufacturer, intends to hold an event in Singapore next month to celebrate ten years in the business. Singapore is also home to well-known crypto miner, Bitdeer, a company with significant mining operations in North America, Bhutan, Norway, and elsewhere.As the industry matures and makes a better fist at self-regulation, in tandem with ever-improving regulations and controls at a national level, scammers using crypto-related activities as a foil for their criminal enterprise will be forced out of the sector.

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Web3 & Enterprise·

Sep 13, 2023

Korean Securities Firms Unite to Build Shared Security Token Infrastructure

Korean Securities Firms Unite to Build Shared Security Token InfrastructureShinhan Securities, KB Securities, and NH Investment and Securities are gearing up to sign a memorandum of understanding (MOU) later this month to establish a security token consortium, according to South Korean news outlet MoneyToday.Photo by Louie Nicolo Nimor on UnsplashShared infrastructureThe primary objective of this consortium is to create a shared infrastructure for their security token operations. This initiative marks the first instance where the nation’s major securities firms are getting together to set up a security token consortium. Until now, securities companies have typically sought collaborations with banks, fractional investment firms, or blockchain technology companies, showing reluctance to cooperate with their direct competitors over concerns of potential loss of competitiveness.An expert within the securities industry underscored the paramount importance of securing control over the infrastructure, particularly given that the security token market has not materialized. The expert further stated that once a collaborative network is built among the leading securities firms, it is likely to set the standards for the entire market. Meanwhile, the precise details of the plan have not yet been finalized.Challenges in prior initiativesSince the South Korean Financial Services Commission revealed the security token guidelines in February, the securities sector has been deliberating the creation of a shared network that would be accessible to all industry participants. This kind of system is considered ideal as it facilitates flexible expansion and cost efficiency. However, the discussion came to a halt due to conflicts between the Korea Securities Depository, the Korea Financial Investment Association, and fintech firm Koscom.Meanwhile, installing an independent network is not very feasible, given that it not only incurs significant costs upfront but also has limited potential for expansion. This is why these industry leaders devised an alternative strategy in which they can collectively share the financial burden. In addition, Shinhan, KB, and NH plan to explore joint business models with the aim of maximizing the utility of their security token infrastructure.

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